摘要
[目的]评价田间持续高温条件下钦蜜9号、小黄金、台农1号和满天星4个百香果品种的耐热性,为未来耐高温育种材料快速筛选和广西百香果夏季种植布局提供理论参考.[方法]选择日最高温连续5 d超过32 ℃(即持续高温)的时段,到南宁和贵港的百香果种植基地进行4个百香果品种开花坐果及光合作用调查.采用田间调查方法记录百香果开花坐果情况,同时利用LI-6400XT便携式光合作用测量系统获得百香果的光合作用数据,结合统计学方法探讨持续高温条件下4个百香果品种的开花坐果和光合作用差异,并分析开花坐果和光合作用之间的关联性.[结果]两地持续高温条件下开花坐果和光合作用数值最高的是钦蜜9号,其次是小黄金和台农1号,最低的是满天星.在开花坐果方面,钦蜜9号的平均芽点数、平均花朵数、平均花芽数和平均挂果数显著高于其他3个品种(p＜0.05),最高分别可达到71.85节·株-1、20.90朵·株-1、21.60个·株-1和6.25个·株-1.在光合作用方面,钦蜜9号的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(G)和蒸腾速率(Tr)分别是满天星的3.64倍、11.62倍、5.46倍和6.60倍,差异显著(p＜0.05).[结论]钦蜜9号具有较强的耐热性,可作为夏季主栽品种在全广西推广种植或与其他品种配套种植,以改变其他品种百香果由于夏季高温产量降低导致的市场萎缩现象,增强广西百香果主产区优势,同时可以将其作为耐热育种的亲本材料.
Abstract
[Objective]The study aimed to provide theoretical reference for the rapid screening of breeding materials of passion fruit for high-temperature tolerance and summer planting layout in Guangxi.[Methods]The passion fruit varieties Qinmi No.9,Xiaohuangjin,Tainong No.1 and Man-tianxing were chosen as research material.When the maximum daily temperature exceeded 32 ℃ for 5 consecutive days,the flowering,fruit setting rate and photosynthesis of the 4 passion fruit varieties were investigated in the orchards of Nanning and Guigang.The four-point sampling method was used to randomly select 5 healthy passion fruit plants with the same growth trend in 4 growth directions from 4 regional centers divided by diagonal lines to observe flowering and fruit setting.Simultaneously,the photosynthetic data of passion fruit were obtained by LI-6400XT portable photosynthesis measurement system.Subsequently,the statistical software was used to compare the differences in flowering,fruit set-ting,and photosynthesis of 4 passion fruit varieties under continuous high-temperature conditions,and then the heat resistance of the 4 passion fruit varieties was evaluated.Meanwhile,the Pearson correla-tion coefficient was used to explore the potential relationship between flowering,fruit setting,and pho-tosynthesis of the 4 passion fruit varieties.[Results]Qinmi No.9 had the strongest flowering,fruit set-ting,and photosynthesis,followed by Xiaohuangjin and Tainong No.1,and Mantianxing had the weak-est performance in both orchards.All parameters showed significant differences among varieties except for a few parameters that showed significant differences between the different orchards(p＜0.05).Qinmi 9 had more nodes,flowers,buds,and fruits than Xiaohuangjin,Tainong No.1 and Mantianxing.Qinmi No.9 had higher net photosynthetic rate(Pn)Xiaohuangjin,Tainong No.1 and Mantianxing.Qinmi 9 had higher stomatal conductance(G,)than Xiaohuangjin,Tainong No.1 and Mantianxing.Qinmi 9 had higher intercellular CO2 concentration(Ci)than Xiaohuangjin,Tainong No.1 and Mantianxing,and had higher transpiration rate(T)Xiaohuangjin,Tainong No.1 and Mantianxing.[Conclusion]Compared with the other three varieties,Qinmi No.9 has stronger heat resistance,and could be used as main vari-ety to grow in Guangxi,or planted with other varieties.It also could be used as a fine parent material for future heat-resistance breeding.
基金项目
广西重点研发计划(桂科AB23026070)
南宁市科技重大专项(20212007)
钦州市科学研究与技术开发计划(20233207)
广西农业科学院院发展基金项目(桂农科2022JM68)
广西农业科学院院发展基金项目(2024YP088)
广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(桂农科2021YT123)
云南省农业生物技术重点实验室开放基金资助项目(202205AG070049-002)
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据