摘要
华红4号是由金实2号×SF0835M杂交选育出的四倍体红肉猕猴桃新品种.果实椭圆形,喙端微钝凸,花萼环明显,无萼片宿存;果皮表面浅褐色,均匀分布有中等量的黄褐色、易脱落的短茸毛,外层果肉浅绿色,内层果肉紫红色;平均单果质量83.7 g,最大104.3 g;可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)15.2％,总酸含量1.56％,可溶性糖含量7.95％,干物质含量16.6％,维生素C含量1.60g·kg-1.果实生长期150 d左右,在四川德阳地区9月中旬成熟;花序类型属于单花序,萌芽力和成枝力都较强,树势中强.属于中抗溃疡病品种.果实在0 ℃～4 ℃条件下可存放120～140 d,较耐贮藏.适应性强,一般在年平均气温大于15 ℃、海拔1000 m以下、透气性良好的微酸性壤砂土地区均可栽培;第3年开花结果,丰产性好.
Abstract
Huahong 4 is a new tetraploid red-fleshed kiwifruit cultivar selected from a crossbreeding.The seedling was derived from a cross between Jinshi 2 and SF0835M in 2009 at Shifang Kiwifruit Base of Sichuan Province.Fine female vines were selected in 2015,grafted and propagated in 2016 and started to be observed.Varieties were selected and applied for variety rights protection in 2019.It is a tetraploid female variety with medium tree vigor,medium short villi on current canes and weak anthocy-anin coloration on growing tips,short fusiform lenticels on canes and small yellow lenticels on young leaf petiole with adaxially anthocyanin staining,acuminate leaf tip,heart-shaped base and heart-shaped leaves.The inflorescence type is single,the anthocyanidin staining degree is weak at the calyx crack of the petal base.the base of the petal is arranged and overlapped,the crease of the top is very light,the color of the adaxial side is monochrome and mainly white,the color of the filament is light green,the color of the anther is orange-yellow,and style color is white and it stays at a horizontal state,with each flower having average of 40 styles.Fruit shape is oval,with a slightly blunt and convex beak shape.The calyx ring of the fruit is obvious,and the base of the fruit is circular.There are no persistent sepals,and the degree of protrusion of the lenticels is weak.The skin is light brown,with a moderate amount of short hairs evenly distributed on the surface of the skin.The color is yellow-brown and it is easy to fall off.After ripening,the skin of the fruit is light brown,and the difficulty of peeling off the skin is moder-ate.The outer flesh is light green,while the inner flesh is purple red.The average fruit weight is 83.7 g,and maximum fruit weight is 104.3 g.Soluble solids content is 15.2％,and dry matter content is 16.6％.Fruit contents 7.95％total sugar,1.56％total acid and 1.60 g·kg-1 vitamin C.The fruit development peri-od is 150 d,it matures in mid-September in Deyang area of Sichuan province and it's a mid-mature va-riety.The inflorescence belongs to a single inflorescence type,and the budding ability and cane branch-ing ability are strong.It is medium resistant to PSA,and the occurrence of brown spot and scale insects is slight.The resistance and adaptability is strong.The fruit has long storage-life,and cold storage life is 120-140 days.The conditions of suitable cultivation area include annual average temperature＞15 ℃,altitude below 1000 meters,and slightly acidic and good drain soil.It can start to flower and bear fruit in the third year with good yield.
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