摘要
嵩源一号是青州蜜桃自然实生品种.果实卵圆形,果顶微凸,平均单果质量138 g,最大单果质量264 g;果皮底色淡绿色,80％以上着深红色,茸毛密度中等;果肉淡绿色,近核处花青苷含量较高,硬溶质,风味脆甜,可溶性固形物含量(w)14.1％,果实去皮硬度8.5 kg·cm-2,离核,耐贮运,室温放置10 d、冷藏放置1个月风味基本不变.花蔷薇型,有花粉,自花结实率高,早期丰产性好.果实发育期130 d,在潍坊8月中下旬果实成熟,比青州蜜桃早1个月左右.抗寒性、抗旱性强,适宜在山东、河北等北方桃产区推广栽植.
Abstract
Songyuan No.1 was a late-ripening peach cultivar from the natural seedling of Qingzhoumi-tao,which is a well-known native cultivar in Weifang,as well as one of the six famous peach varieties in China.In 2011,during the investigation of Qingzhoumitao germplasm resources,an early maturing individual tree was discovered by the research group in the Qingzhoumitao base of Shengshi Fruit and Vegetable Professional Cooperative.The single mutant plant produced comparatively big and nearly all red fruits that ripened in mid-to-late August,approximately a month before Qingzhoumitao.Through high-grafting,variety comparison and regional cultivation experiments,the mutation plant showed good fruit quality and stable genetic traits.It was authorized by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs as a new plant variety in September 2023,and was named Songyuan No.1,with variety rights code of CNA20201005934.The fruit shape of Songyuan No.1 is ovate,with a slightly convex fruit top.The su-ture line of the fruit is medium,and the two halves are relatively symmetrical.The average fruit weight is 138 g,and maximum fruit weight is 264 g.The fruits are difficult to peel off,and the density of hairs is medium.The backgroud color of fruit is light green,and more than 80％is covered by the deep red colour.The flesh is light green with intermediate red pigment,and hard-melting.The fruit firmness is 8.5 kg·cm-2.The soluble solids content is 14.1％,the soluble sugar content is 10.04％,and the titratable acid content is 0.23％.The flesh is crispy and sweet.The core is freestone.The cultivar offers exception-al fruit quality and great storage characteristics,and the flavor remains unchanged for 10 days at room temperature or a month in cold storage.In Weifang,Shandong province,the flowering period of Songyuan No.1 is in early April and lasts for about one week.The fruit ripening date begins in mid-to-late August,and the fruit development period is about 130 d.The budbreak period of trees is in mid-March,the defoliation period is in late November,and the whole growth period is 260 days approxi-mately.Compared with Qingzhoumitao,its fruit mature period is about a month earlier and the fruit size is larger.The tree vigor is srong with more branches.The leaves are medium in size,lanceolate,and deep green color,with two to four kidney-shaped nectar glands,and the petioles are middle length and thick.The flowers are rose-shape with pollen,and pale pink color,and stamens are higher than pistils.The variety has high self-fruitful ability,excellent early fertility and good flower-forming capacity.The trees begin to bear fruits in the 2nd year after planting,and in the 4th year they come into a higher pro-duction.In mountain areas,it is recommended to train the open system with three scaffold limbs,and planting spacing should be 3 m × 4 m.In plain areas,it is suitable for applying Y-shape pruning with the spacing of 2 m × 5 m.After many years of cultivation and observation,the cultivar have shown ex-cellent cold and drought resistance,and has no special diseases and insects or pests.It is suitable for popularization and planting in northern peach-producing areas like Shandong and Hebei.
基金项目
潍坊市科学技术发展计划项目(2022ZJ1088)
潍坊市现代种业创新团队项目()
山东省果品产业技术体系(SDAIT-06-18)
维普
万方数据