摘要
[目的]探究25种西番莲(包括8个地方品种、15个引进品种/品系和2个选育品种/品系)的花粉活力和柱头可授性,为西番莲杂交亲本的选择提供理论依据.[方法]以25种西番莲为试材,采用花粉离体培养、TTC染色和I2-KI染色方法检测西番莲花粉活力,利用联苯胺-过氧化氢法检测柱头可授性.[结果]25种西番莲均具有柱头可授性,但可授性存在差异.在TN、HX No.1、W-1、KSTS、XG和GH等6种具有代表性的西番莲中,花粉离体培养的最适条件仅蔗糖浓度存在差异,分别为10％和15％.花粉离体培养和TTC染色法均可用于25种西番莲花粉活力的检测.基于花粉活力的聚类分析可分为3个类群,其中第Ⅰ类群和第Ⅱ类群共22个种,均属于正常可育类型,第Ⅲ类群包含3个种,均属于高不育类型.[结论]花粉离体培养是最能呈现25种西番莲花粉活力的检测方法,TTC染色法可作为西番莲花粉活力的快速检测方法.除ZL、LX和RX适宜作杂交母本外,其余种均可作杂交父本或母本.
Abstract
[Objective]The study aimed to test the pollen viability and stigma receptivity of 25 species[including 8 local varieties are Tainong(TN),Xintainong(XTN),Qinmi No.9(QM No.9),Fengmi-huangjinbaixiangguo(FMHJ),Yuanyangmi(YYM),Juwubabaixiangguo(D1-A1),Tianhuangxing(THX),Zhuangxiangmibao(ZXMB),15 introduced varieties/strains are Guanhua(GH),Kangsitansi(KSTS),W-1,Honghuaxifanlian(XG),Jingchixifanlian(MGMX),Ruixiang(RX),Zilian(ZL),Zhangyexifanlian(JMCH),Lüpi(LP),Qingpi(QP),Hongguan(HG),ZZ-B1,Lüpixifanlian(Ⅱ-Y),Wul-aguireqingguo(ULGRQG),Lanxiang(LX),and 2 selected varieties/strains are Huangxiang No.1(HX No.1),Xiaohuagnjin(D2-11).]of Passiflora L.,and provide theoretical basis for the selecting parents for crossing in Passiflora L.[Methods]Using six representative species of Passiflora L.as test materi-als,including TN,HX No.1,GH,W-l,XG and KSTS a single-factor experiment was conducted using a basic medium containing 0.02％boric acid(H3BO3),15％sucrose,15％PEG-4000,0.08％calcium ni-trate[Ca(NO3)2·4H2O],and 0.02％MgSO4·7H2O to screen optimal conditions for pollen viability test in vitro.The 25 species of Passiflora L.were used as materials,the basic floral morphological parameters were measured.Pollen vitality was detected using pollen culture in vitro,TTC staining,and I2-KI stain-ing methods to compare differences of pollen vitality of different species with different detection meth-ods.Additionally,the stigmatic receptivity of the 25 species of Passiflora L.was compared and ana-lyzed using the benzidine-hydrogen peroxide method.[Results]The results showed that all the 25 spe-cies of Passiflora L.exhibited different stigma receptivity.Among them,the 19 species including TN,HX No.1,W-1,XG,XTN,QM No.9,MGMX,LP,QP,FMHJ,HG,YYM,ZZ-B1,D1-A1,THX,ZX-MB,D2-11,Ⅱ-Y and ULGRQG exhibited strong stigma receptivity.The 3 species,GH,KSTS and JMCH had moderate stigma receptivity,while another 3 species,RX,ZL and LX showed weaker stig-ma receptivity.Only the optimal sucrose concentration for different species was different in pollen cul-ture in vitro.Aong the 6 species tested,the optimal sucrose concentration for TN,HX No.1,GH and KSTS was 15％,while the optimal sucrose concentration for W-1 and XG was 10％.The optimal con-centrations of boric acid,PEG-4000,and calcium nitrate were 0.02％,15％,and 0.08％,respectively,with an optimal incubation temperature of 25 ℃.The pollen culture in vitro was the most effective method for demonstrating the pollen vitality of the 25 species,followed by TTC staining,which could serve as a rapid detection method.The I2-KI staining was not suitable for detecting the pollen vitality of Passiflora L.Based on pollen culture in vitro and TTC staining methods,the 25 species of Passiflora L.was classified into three groups by cluster analysis.Group Ⅰ consisted of 21 species,including FMHJ,ZXMB,W-1,Ⅱ-Y,LP,XTN,TN,THX,QM No.9,ULGRQG,HX No.1,D1-A1,D2-11,YYM,XG,MGMX,QP,HG,ZZ-B1,KSTS and JMCH with pollen vitality above 70％,being considered as nor-mally fertile.Group Ⅱ consisted of only one species,GH with pollen vitality between 50％and 70％,al-so being considered as normally fertile.Group Ⅲ included three species,ZL,LX and RX which be-longed to the high sterile category.[Conclusion]Among the three detection methods,pollen vitro-cul-ture is the most effective method for evaluating the pollen vitality of the 25 species of Passiflora L.,while the TTC staining method could serve as a rapid alternative.Among the 25 species(varieties)of Passiflora L.,ZL,LX and RX could be only used as female parents for hybridization,while the other 22 species could be used as either male or female parents for hybridization.
基金项目
2024年海南育种联合攻关项目(百香果育种联合攻关)()
海南省科技计划项目(ZDYF2021XDNY119)
维普
万方数据