The Machines,Workers and Digital Age:Historical Retrospective and Practical Exploration of Marx's View of Machines
The Marxian view of the machine reveals that in the age of mechanization,the capitalist application of machines led to the lengthening of the working day,the acceleration of the pace of work and the degradation of la-bour skills,thus profoundly altering the work and life of workers.In the digital age,the impact of machines takes on new forms:the advent of artificial intelligence has blurred the boundaries between work and leisure for workers,subjecting them to efficiency disciplines monitored by data and algorithms and triggering shifts in the hierarchy of skills demanded by firms.The advance of digitalisation has shaped the"always-on"model of work,with workers facing both physical and psychological pressures driven by technology.Moreover,the rise of artificial intelligence has triggered a major change in the occupational structure,with high-skilled workers favoured by technological pref-erences,while medium and low-skilled workers will face a more severe employment situation.Retracing Marx's view of the machine provides a key theoretical framework for building a harmonious human-machine relationship in the digital age.
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