At present,the commonly-used methods of establishing animal models of intervertebral disc degeneration cover autologous nucleus pulposus transplantation,plasma ablation,gene knockout,and mechanical injury through literature analysis.These methods could simulate the pathological and physiological processes of human intervertebral disc degeneration,which could produce the powerful support for the study on the mechanism of disease and the exploration of new therapeutic methods.However,there are still many limitations in current animal models,such as the difficulty of model establishment,time-consuming and labor-intensive,and the lack of long-term follow-up.The existing models should be improved in the future to raise their simulation and repro-ducibility,and find out more accurate methods to simulate diseases.Meanwhile,more basic researches on the pathogenesis and treatment of lumbar disc degeneration are needed to provide more effective guidance for clinical treatment.
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