A review on high manganese steels:Control of chemical composition,microstructure and properties
Since the invention of Hadfield high manganese steel in 1882,researchers from all over the world have been attracted to do plenty of research works about the design of chemical composition,control of microstructure,development of production process and application,and others.Up to now,the application field of the specific steel with a history of 100 years has expanded from the wear-resistant steels to automotive steels,steels for corrosion and low-temperature environment,and even functional material.Several key steel products have been developed,which became the most typical and widely used steel series in the special steel field,and greatly enriched the steel world.The research,manufacturing,and application of these high manganese steels are of great significance for promoting the innovation in steel manufacturing technology and the development of downstream industries.Herein,the origin and development of high manganese steels are introduced.The research progress on chemical compositions,micro-structures and properties of high manganese wear-resistant steel,automotive steel,cryogenic steel,nonmagnetic steel and damping alloy that used in typical application fields are emphatically reviewed.The control methods of micro-structure and properties of these steels and the corresponding benefits are summarized and illustrated with examples in detail.It is pointed that the high content of manganese ensures the specific microstructure,mechanical and physical properties of high manganese steel,but also causes common problems of breakout in continuous casting process,unstable performance of welded joints,and insufficient expansion performance involved in the actual production,which limits the application of high manganese steel to some extent.An idea of chemical composition design for novel high manganese steel is proposed by analyzing the carbon and manganese contents and microstructure charac-teristics of the current high manganese steels.The future trends of high manganese steel in the field of theoretical research and application are also discussed.
high manganese steelchemical compositionmicrostructurepropertyreview