激光选区熔化制备TiC强化M2高速钢组织与性能
Selecting laser melting to prepare TiC-strengthened M2 high-speed steel for microstructure and properties
刘岩 1赵定国 1李月 1王书桓 1崔小杰 2吴朋越 3苏新磊3
作者信息
- 1. 华北理工大学冶金与能源学院,河北 唐山 063210
- 2. 华北理工大学冶金与能源学院,河北 唐山 063210;北京易加三维科技有限公司,北京 102206
- 3. 北京易加三维科技有限公司,北京 102206
- 折叠
摘要
M2高速钢(high-speed steel,HSS)作为一种中合金高碳工具钢,广泛应用于机加工行业中.使用激光选区熔化技术可以直接制备出具有精细复杂结构的工件,研究了TiC强化的M2高速钢的SLM成型工艺参数,分析了TiC的添加对M2高速钢微观组织、物相、性能的影响.试验结果表明,当激光功率为 270 W、扫描速度为700 mm/s、扫描间隔为100 μm时可以制备出相对致密度为97%以上的TiC强化M2高速钢样品.金相分析结果表明,打印态M2高速钢XZ面微熔池内部以柱状晶组织为主,而添加质量分数为1%的TiC后,XZ面柱状晶组织则全部变成等轴晶组织;SEM结果显示XY面组织以等轴晶为主,并且分布较为均匀,晶粒边界处存在点状析出物,TEM结果显示析出物主要为添加的纳米TiC粒子及析出的碳化物.添加TiC后样品的平均晶粒尺寸由1.440 μm变为0.585 μm,晶粒细化效果明显.XRD结果显示纯M2高速钢的物相主要为BCC马氏体,含有少量的FCC残余奥氏体.随着TiC的加入,XRD衍射峰中MxCy型碳化物的峰强度增加,TiC的加入诱导了碳化物的生成,添加质量分数为1%TiC的M2高速钢的耐磨性较纯M2高速钢提升约39%,TiC的加入起到了晶粒细化和析出强化作用,细小的晶粒及析出的碳化物显著地提升了高速钢耐磨性.
Abstract
M2 high-speed steel(HSS),a medium-alloyed,high-carbon tool steel,is widely used in the machining industry.The use of selective laser melting(SLM)technology enables the direct fabrication of components with fine and complex structures.The SLM process parameters for TiC-reinforced M2 high-speed steel,analyzing the influ-ence of TiC addition on the steel's microstructure,phase composition,and properties were investigated.Experimen-tal findings demonstrate that TiC-reinforced M2 high-speed steel samples with a relative density exceeding 97%can be prepared using a laser power of 270 W,scanning speed of 700 mm/s,and hatch spacing of 100 μm.Metallo-graphic analysis reveals that the as-printed M2 high-speed steel primarily exhibits a columnar crystal structure on the XZ plane,which completely transitions to an equiaxed structure upon the addition of 1%TiC.SEM results show that the XY plane structure is predominantly equiaxed,with a uniform distribution and dot-like precipitates present at grain boundaries.TEM analysis indicates these precipitates are mainly the added nano-TiC particles and other car-bides.The average grain size in the TiC-added samples decreased from 1.440 μm to 0.585 μm,evidencing signifi-cant grain refinement.XRD results indicate that the phase of pure M2 high-speed steel is primarily BCC martensite with a minor amount of residual FCC austenite.The addition of TiC leads to an increase in the peak intensity of MxCy-type carbides in the XRD diffraction patterns,indicating that TiC addition promotes carbide formation.The wear resistance of M2 high-speed steel with 1%TiC is enhanced by about 39%compared to pure M2 high-speed steel,attributable to the grain refinement and precipitation strengthening effects of TiC.The fine grains and precipi-tated carbides significantly improve the wear resistance of the high-speed steel.
关键词
M2高速钢/激光选区熔化/摩擦磨损/TiC/碳化物Key words
M2 high-speed steel/selective laser melting/wear/TiC/carbide引用本文复制引用
基金项目
中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(226Z1008G)
国家自然科学基金(52274336)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据