Theory,technology and future development of low temperature metallurgy
After 21 years of research and development,a theoretical system of low-temperature metallurgy has been initially formed,and the development of new low-temperature smelting equipment,new process test projects,and production line design and construction are continuing to advance.Compared with the high temperature reduction process,the low temperature reduction process consumes less carbon and requires less chemical and physical heat.The CO2 content in self-produced gas can be controlled by changing the process parameters such as coal type,par-ticle size and temperature.The heat load of low temperature reduction process is lower than that of high temperature reduction process,and the low temperature heat transfer is strengthened by the upper and lower heating and the sur-rounding collaborative heating.The new steel smelting process of"cold briquette-low temperature reduction-electric furnace melting"was put forward,the new equipment of low temperature reduction reaction was developed,and the technology of low cost 100％recycling of self-produced gas,step utilization of low temperature reduction furnace waste heat,inhibition of phosphorus and silicon reduction was developed,and the continuous(quasi-continuous)production from raw material pretreatment to steelmaking was realized.The iron-making processes such as sinter-ing,coking,oxidizing pellets and some steelmaking processes are eliminated,and the smelting energy consumption,coal consumption,carbon dioxide emissions,as well as the oxygen and quicklime consumption in the steelmaking process are greatly reduced.The new low-temperature reduction ironmaking equipment with a capacity of 50 000 t/a iron making has been successfully developed,the industrial test demonstration project has been constructed and the integration of low-temperature metallurgical process flow has been achieved,the reliability of various smelting equip-ment has been inspected,a new record of coal based ironmaking process with a coal consumption of 300 kg per ton of metal has been created and low phosphorus,low sulfur and low carbon liquid steel has been obtained.Low-temperature metallurgy technology is also used in the preparation of metal iron powder,zinc dust preparation of metal zinc ingot,vanadium titanium magnetite,titanium iron concentrate powder,high phosphorus iron ore,waste battery recycling,waste tire recycling and other fields.The use of renewable energy biomass or biochar to gradually replace pulverized coal for low temperature reduction is expected to achieve near-zero carbon emissions in the smelt-ing process,and provide an effective and low-cost way to"carbon neutrality"in direct reduction iron making.
low temperature metallurgyironmakingsteelmakingcarbon neutralbiomassnew technology
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