Advances in biomarkers for diagnosing congenital heart disease
Congenital heart disease(CHD)is a common congenital anomaly that is the leading cause of death among children under the age of five years with birth defects in both developed and developing countries.With the increasing prevalence of CHD,the importance of early diagnosis and intervention of CHD is well accepted.Prenatal ultrasonography is routinely applied for the screening of CHD but many factors influence its diagnostic accuracy.Biomarker testing is a simple and rapid method that can be used as an adjunct to prenatal screening for CHD.This review aims to provide new ideas for the early diagnosis of children with CHD by exploring the pathogenesis of biomarkers in CHD.In recent years,many studies have been devoted to the exploration of biomarkers related to CHD,and the studies on biomarkers in CHD are summarized from three aspects:epigenetics,proteomics and environmental factors.
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