Advances in immunopathogenesis of Kawasaki disease
Kawasaki disease is an acute systemic vasculitis that predominantly affects children under the age of 5 years.While the etiology remains unclear,it is thought to be an abnormal immune response to one or more non-specific pathogens in genetically predisposed individuals.This condition arises from the interplay between genetic susceptibility,environmental factors,and immune system dynamics.The disease is characterized by significant immune system activation,involving complex interactions between innate and adaptive immunity.Although recent studies have identified the immune cell types implicated in the pathology of Kawasaki disease,the specific immunopathogenic mechanisms remain unknown.This review explores the research advancements on the immunological mechanisms related to Kawasaki disease from three perspectives(genetics,environment,and immunity),which may be helpful in identifying valuable predictive biomarkers and therapeutic targets,facilitating early identification,individualizing treatment,and improving prognosis.
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