在新生儿重症监护室(neonatal intensive care unit,NICU)中,母婴分离(maternal separation,MS)和疼痛被认为是婴儿最常经历的两种早期应激事件,可对新生儿的机体产生一系列负面影响,包括但不限于痛觉敏感性增加、神经系统重塑、内分泌系统紊乱、免疫应答失衡及焦虑和抑郁情绪的出现等.为进一步认识其潜在机制,该文总结了近年有关新生期MS和疼痛的动物模型,并综述了这两种早期应激事件对机体的影响及机制的研究进展,旨在为预防新生儿在NICU住院治疗后可能出现的不良影响提供新的思路和科学依据.
Progress on the effects of neonatal maternal separation and pain on human body and underlying mechanisms
In the neonatal intensive care unit(NICU),maternal separation(MS)and pain are identified as two of the most prevalent early stressors experienced by infants.These stressors have been demonstrated to result in a range of adverse effects on the developing infant,including but not limited to increased pain sensitivity,alterations in neuroplasticity,dysregulation of the endocrine system,immune response imbalance,as well as the emergence of anxiety and depression.To further elucidate their potential mechanisms,this paper presents a summary of recent animal models investigating neonatal MS and pain,while also reviews advancements in understanding how these early stressors impact organisms and their underlying mechanisms.The objective is to provide novel insights and scientific evidence with a view to prevent potential adverse outcomes for infants in the context of hospitalisation in the NICU.
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