Differences in parenteral nutrition and changes in gut microbiota in premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Objective To investigate the differences in parenteral nutrition and changes in gut microbiota in premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD).Methods A total of 67 premature infants with BPD(BPD group)and 71 premature infants without BPD(non-BPD group)who were admitted to Linfen Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2022 to June 2023 were selected as the research subjects.All subjects were given early parenteral nutrition support.The initial intake time,initial intakes,and total intake of amino acids,glucose,and lipid during the first 7 days after birth were compared between the two groups.Changes in gut microbiota of the two groups were observed on postnatal days 1,7,14,21 and 28.Results Compared with the non-BPD group,the initial time of glucose and lipid intake in the BPD group was significantly prolonged.The initial intakes of amino acids,glucose and lipids,and total intake during the first 7 days after birth in the BPD group were lower.The total calore intake and total fluid intake during this period were higher in the BPD group(t values ranged from 2.651 to 39.015,P＜0.05).Escherichia coli and Enterococci in both groups increased consistently on day 1,day 7,day 14 and day 21 after birth,and decreased on day 28;Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria decreased consistently on day 1,day 7,day 14 and day 21 after birth,and increased on day 28.The differences between groups were statistically significant(t values ranged from 2.234 to 21.337,P＜0.05).As the severity of BPD increased in premature infants,the total intake of amino acids,glucose,lipids,fluids and calories during the first 7 days after birth gradually decreased,the differences were statistically significant(F values ranged from 11.085 to 21.031,P＜0.05).During the first 7 days after birth,Escherichia coli and Enterococci in premature infants with mild,moderate and severe BPD gradually increased,while Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria gradually decreased,the differences were statistically significant(F values ranged from 7.321 to 18.003,P＜0.05).Conclusion In premature infants with BPD,parenteral nutrition is initiated later,with lower nutrient levels and disrupted gut microbiota.Early parenteral nutrition support and gut microbiota regulation are important for prevention and treatment of BPD in premature infants.
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