死腔是指通气过程中由于不与肺毛细血管血液接触而不能参与气体交换的部分。死腔通气是影响通气效率的主要原因。死腔分数、通气比和呼气末二氧化碳分压/动脉血二氧化碳分压等是监测死腔通气的常用指标。床旁死腔通气监测在急性呼吸窘迫综合征、肺栓塞和外科手术等患者中应用广泛，具有诊断疾病、预测预后和评估治疗效果的作用。本文将对这些指标及其临床应用进行详细阐述，希望引起医务人员对死腔通气监测的重视，规范其临床操作和应用。 Dead space refers to the volume of ventilated air that cannot participate in gas exchange because of the non-contact with the blood of pulmonary capillaries.Dead space ventilation is the main reason cause influencing ventilation efficiency.Dead-space fraction, ventilatory ratio and end-tidal-to-arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide ratio are common indexes for measuring dead space ventilation.Dead space ventilation measurement is widely used in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary embolism and surgery, presenting the diagnostic, prognostic and predictive potentials on the therapeutic efficacy.This article thoroughly described these indicators and their clinical applications, aiming to highlight dead space ventilation monitoring by medical staff and standardize its clinical operations and applications.
Abstract
Dead space refers to the volume of ventilated air that cannot participate in gas exchange because of the non-contact with the blood of pulmonary capillaries.Dead space ventilation is the main reason cause influencing ventilation efficiency.Dead-space fraction, ventilatory ratio and end-tidal-to-arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide ratio are common indexes for measuring dead space ventilation.Dead space ventilation measurement is widely used in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary embolism and surgery, presenting the diagnostic, prognostic and predictive potentials on the therapeutic efficacy.This article thoroughly described these indicators and their clinical applications, aiming to highlight dead space ventilation monitoring by medical staff and standardize its clinical operations and applications.
关键词
呼吸窘迫综合征/肺栓塞/死腔通气/死腔分数/通气比/容积二氧化碳图
Key words
Respiratory distress syndrome/Pulmonary embolism/Dead space ventilation/Dead space fraction/Ventilatory ratio/Volumetric capnography
万方数据