目的 分析新型冠状病毒感染诱发支气管哮喘(哮喘)患者的临床特征及肺功能特点。 方法 本研究为回顾性研究。分析2023年2－7月清华大学附属北京清华长庚医院门诊诊治的165例新型冠状病毒感染诱发哮喘患者的临床资料，根据临床分型，分为典型哮喘(CA)组和咳嗽变异性哮喘(CVA)组，比较2组患者的过敏史、临床特征、血常规、血清总免疫球蛋白E(IgE)、呼出气一氧化氮(FeNO)、肺功能、气道激发试验等。 结果 165例新型冠状病毒感染诱发哮喘患者中，女109例(66。1%)，年龄(45。9±15。6)岁，主要临床表现为咳嗽(128例，77。6%)、气短或呼吸困难(49例，29。7%)、胸闷(47例，28。5%)、咳痰(15例，9。1%)，患者肺功能不同程度受损。CA组年龄高于CVA组[(49。6±16。2)岁比(42。8±14。5)岁，t＝2。82，P＝0。005]。相比CA组，CVA组患者对哮喘诱发或加重因素更敏感(42。0%比22。1%，χ2＝7。44，P＝0。006)。2组经口FeNO和经鼻FeNO差异均无统计学意义(均P>0。05)。CVA组外周血嗜酸性粒细胞、总IgE水平均低于CA组(均P<0。05)。尽管2组肺通气、小气道功能、弥散功能、残总比等指标差异无统计学意义(均P>0。05)，但进一步分析发现，CVA组患者肺通气储备功能中-重度受损比例低于CA组(6。8%比16。9%，χ2＝4。08，P＝0。043)，且气道可逆试验阳性比例低于CA组(38。6%比67。5%，χ2＝13。74，P<0。001)。 结论 新型冠状病毒感染诱发哮喘患者主要表现为咳嗽、气短、胸闷。相比CA组，CVA组患者外周血嗜酸性粒细胞、IgE水平较低，肺通气储备功能中-重度受损、气道可逆试验阳性比例均较低。 Objective To analyze the clinical features and pulmonary function characteristics of patients with asthma induced by coronavirus infection。 Methods This was a retrospective study。A total of 165 patients who were diagnosed with asthma induced by coronavirus infection in the out-patient of Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital from February 2023 to July 2023 were included。According to clinical classification， they were divided into classic asthma (CA) group and cough variant asthma (CVA) group。The allergy history， clinical symptoms， blood routine， serum total immunoglobulin E (IgE)， fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO)， lung function， airway provocation test， etc。of the two groups were compared。 Results Among 165 coronavirus infection induced asthma patients， 109 (66。1%) were female， the average age was 45。9±15。6 years。The main clinical manifestations of coronavirus infection induced asthma were cough (128 cases， 77。6%)， shortness of breath or dyspnea (49 cases， 29。7%)， chest tightness (47 cases， 28。5%)， and expectoration (15 cases， 9。1%)。 Lung function was impaired to some extent in these patients。The average age in CA group (49。6±16。2 years) was significantly older than that in CVA group (42。8±14。5 years)(t=2。82， P=0。005)。 Compared with CA group， patients in CVA group were more sensitive to asthma inducers or aggravating factors (42。0% vs 22。1%， χ2=7。44， P=0。032)。 There was no significant difference between the two groups in FeNO either orally or nasally (both P>0。05)。 The eosinophil count in peripheral blood and total IgE level of CVA group were significantly lower than those in CA group (P<0。05)。 As to the pulmonary function characteristics， although there were no significant differences between the two groups in pulmonary ventilation， small airway function， diffusion function， and total residual ratio (allP>0。05)， further analysis showed that the ratio of moderate-to-severe impairment of lung ventilation reserve function was lower in the CVA group than that in the CA group (6。8%vs 16。9%， χ2=4。08， P=0。043)， and the proportion of patients with positive bronchodilation tests in the CVA group was lower than that in the CA group (38。6% vs 67。5%， χ2=13。74， P<0。001)。 Conclusions The main clinical manifestations of asthma induced by coronavirus infection are cough， shortness of breath， and chest tightness。The eosinophil count in the periphery blood and IgE level in CVA group were lower than those in the CA group。The proportion of patients with moderate-to-severe impairment of lung ventilation reserve function and the proportion of patients with positive bronchodilation tests in CVA group were lower than those in CA group。
Clinical features and pulmonary function characteristics of patients with bronchial asthma induced by coronavirus infection
Objective To analyze the clinical features and pulmonary function characteristics of patients with asthma induced by coronavirus infection. Methods This was a retrospective study.A total of 165 patients who were diagnosed with asthma induced by coronavirus infection in the out-patient of Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital from February 2023 to July 2023 were included.According to clinical classification, they were divided into classic asthma (CA) group and cough variant asthma (CVA) group.The allergy history, clinical symptoms, blood routine, serum total immunoglobulin E (IgE), fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), lung function, airway provocation test, etc.of the two groups were compared. Results Among 165 coronavirus infection induced asthma patients, 109 (66.1%) were female, the average age was 45.9±15.6 years.The main clinical manifestations of coronavirus infection induced asthma were cough (128 cases, 77.6%), shortness of breath or dyspnea (49 cases, 29.7%), chest tightness (47 cases, 28.5%), and expectoration (15 cases, 9.1%). Lung function was impaired to some extent in these patients.The average age in CA group (49.6±16.2 years) was significantly older than that in CVA group (42.8±14.5 years)(t=2.82, P=0.005). Compared with CA group, patients in CVA group were more sensitive to asthma inducers or aggravating factors (42.0% vs 22.1%, χ2=7.44, P=0.032). There was no significant difference between the two groups in FeNO either orally or nasally (both P>0.05). The eosinophil count in peripheral blood and total IgE level of CVA group were significantly lower than those in CA group (P<0.05). As to the pulmonary function characteristics, although there were no significant differences between the two groups in pulmonary ventilation, small airway function, diffusion function, and total residual ratio (allP>0.05), further analysis showed that the ratio of moderate-to-severe impairment of lung ventilation reserve function was lower in the CVA group than that in the CA group (6.8%vs 16.9%, χ2=4.08, P=0.043), and the proportion of patients with positive bronchodilation tests in the CVA group was lower than that in the CA group (38.6% vs 67.5%, χ2=13.74, P<0.001). Conclusions The main clinical manifestations of asthma induced by coronavirus infection are cough, shortness of breath, and chest tightness.The eosinophil count in the periphery blood and IgE level in CVA group were lower than those in the CA group.The proportion of patients with moderate-to-severe impairment of lung ventilation reserve function and the proportion of patients with positive bronchodilation tests in CVA group were lower than those in CA group.
Coronavirus infectionAsthmaCough variant asthmaClinical featuresLung function
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