目的 探讨功能性近红外光谱成像(functional near-infrared spectroscopy,fNIRS)对重性抑郁障碍(Major Depressive Disorder,MDD)患者的N-back表现及相关脑区激活情况.方法 符合美国《精神障碍诊断与统计手册第 5 版》(diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders,5th Edition,DSM-5)诊断标准的抑郁障碍患者26例为研究对象,并选择22名正常成人作为对照.使用17项汉密尔顿抑郁量表(17-item Hamilton depression scale,HAMD-17)评定患者抑郁症状,数字N-back测试评估工作记忆,应用fNIRS测量执行N-back任务时额叶脑区的激活情况.结果 ①在正确率和反应时间上,负荷水平主效应显著(P＜0.05),组别和负荷水平的交互作用显著(P＜0.05).进行简单效应分析发现,在0-back条件下,MDD患者的正确率和反应时间与健康成人不存在显著差异(P＞0.05),在1-back和2-back条件下,MDD患者的正确率和反应时间存在显著性差异(P＜0.05).②与健康对照组相比,MDD患者在2-back任务中,背外侧前额叶皮层(通道3、4、5、6、8)和额极皮层(通道47)氧合血红蛋白(Oxyhemoglobin,Oxy-Hb)的激活明显减少(P＜0.05).结论 MDD患者fNIRS实验测试所见证据是背外侧前额叶皮层和额极皮层激活减弱.这一初步结果有待于进一步证实.
A preliminary observation of functional near-infrared spectroscopy imaging of prefrontal cortex in pa-tients with major depressive disorder using the N-back paradigm
Objective To investigate the N-back performance and associated brain activation in patients with major depressive disorder(MDD)using functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS)imaging technology.Methods 26 patients with MDD who met diagnostic criteria of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,5th Edi-tion,were selected as the study group,and 22 healthy adults were chosen as healthy controls.Depressive symptoms in patients was assessed by the 17-item Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD-17)and working memory was evaluated by the digit N-back test.fNIRS was employed to measure activation in the frontal brain regions during the execution of the N-back working memory task.Results ① In terms of accuracy and reaction time,a significant main effect of load level were observed(P＜0.05).Furthermore,there was a significant interaction between group and load level(P＜0.05).Simple effect analyses revealed that under the 0-back condition,there were no significant differences in accuracy and reaction time between MDD patients and healthy adults(P＞0.05).Moreover,under the 1-back and 2-back conditions,MDD patients exhibited significant differences in accuracy and reaction time(P＜0.05).(2)Com-pared to the healthy control group,activation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(channels 3,4,5,6,8)and the frontopolar cortex(channel 47)Oxyhemoglobin(Oxy-Hb)during the 2-back task were greatly reduced in MDD group(P＜0.05).Conclusion The results of the fNIRS experiment in MDD patients suggest a reduction in activation within the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and frontopolar cortex.The preliminary findings require further confirmation.
Major depressive disorderN-backFrontalFunctional near-infrared spectroscopy
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