Study on potential risk of schistosomiasis transmission at upper section of Huai River outfall water way
Objective To understand the potential endemic factors and transmission risk of schistosomiasis at the upper section of Huai River outfall water way.Methods The information on the layout,variation of water level,flood discharge of the upper section of Huai River outfall water way was collected through literature review and field investigation.The Oncomelania snail surveillance on the 5 fixed points and 5 suspicious environments at the upper section of the outfall way was carried out by systematic sampling combined with environment sampling method.The snail diffusion of Jinhu Station was surveyed by salvage method and snail luring method with rice straw curtains.The fishermen,boatmen,and people at distributing center were examined by the dipstick dye immunoassay (DDIA) method for schistosomiasis surveillance,and the positives were detected by Kato-katz method.The demographic characteristics and relevant factors were investigated by questionnaire survey.Results The average time and days of flood discharge of the upper section of Huai River outfall water way were 4.84 and 93.62,respectively.From 2012 to 2014,totally 1 256.68 ha(1 ha=10 000 m2) of snail area with 127 035 frames were surveyed,which spent 1 528 work days.A total of 1 470 kg floats was salvaged,and 119 boats were investigated,no snails were found.Totally 1 809 people were examined by DDIA,and 23 of them were positive,the positive rate was 1.27％.Among which,a total of 1 509 fishermen and boatmen were examined,the infection rate was 1.26％;a total of 300 constructors,growers and culturist was examined,and the infection rate was 1.33％,there were no statistical significance between the 2 rates(x2=0.01,P＞ 0.05).The infection rates of male and female were 1.38％ and 1.08％,respectively,and there were no statistical significance between them (x2=0.28,P＞0.05).Most of the positives were in the 20～60 age group,and the difference of the positive rates among all the age groups had no statistical significance (x2=1.80,P＞0.05).In addition,the difference between the positive rates among people with different education levels were not statistically significant(x2=2.85,P＜0.05).Totally,21 cases were examined by Kato-katz method,and no infected ones were found.Among all the investigation objects,1 623 of them had contact history of endemic area,which accounting for 67.61％;21 of them had past infection history with a percentage of 1.16％.The awareness rate of the prevention knowledge of schistosomiasis in the investigation objects was 61.63％,and the awareness rate of fishermen and boatmen was significantly higher than other populations (x2=16.13,P＜0.01).Conclusion There are potential risks of schistosomiasis transmission at the upper section of Huai River outfall water way,so the long term surveillance and forecast system should be established.
SchistosomiasisOncomelania hupensisRisk of transmissionHuaihe River outfall water way
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