摘要
我国开展椎管内分娩镇痛有60多年历史,经过几代人不懈努力,已形成我国的分娩镇痛规范并在临床广泛推广应用.文章首先回顾了分娩镇痛的历史,包括半个世纪以来我国分娩镇痛发展的4个阶段.之后重点阐述了我国分娩镇痛规范的形成及推广应用.椎管内分娩镇痛中国方案在综合管理的基础上,核心内容包括低浓度、高容量、少阿片、全产程、脉冲式、智能化.我国分娩镇痛的整个医疗服务体系正在以点带面、以面带全蓬勃发展.文章最后展望了分娩镇痛的理念更新与技术改进,今后需持续关注分娩镇痛预后,尤其是对孕产妇和新生儿围生期的保护,同时应用物联网、信息化、智能化技术不断优化分娩镇痛的管理.
Abstract
China has a history of more than 60 years of carrying out intrathecal labor analgesia.Through the unremitting efforts of several generations,standardized labor analgesia has been established and widely applied in clinical practice in China.This review first summarizes the history of labor analgesia,including the four stages of development in China over the past half-century.It then fo-cuses on the formation and widespread application of standardized labor analgesia in China.The essential elements of the Chinese intra-thecal labor analgesia program,based on comprehensive management,include low concentration,high volume,minimal opioid use,whole labor process,pulsatile administration,and intelligent techniques.The entire healthcare system of labor analgesia in China is flourishing,with the point-to-area and area-to-whole development approach.Finally,this review discusses the prospects of updating the concept of labor analgesia and improving technology.Continuous attention should be given to labor analgesia outcomes,especially the protection of maternal and newborns during the perinatal period.Additionally,the application of networks,information technology,and intelligent techniques can continuously optimize the management of labor analgesia.
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