Advances in the application of esketamine in clinical anesthesia
Esketamine,as the enantiomer of racemic ketamine,has garnered considerable attention in clinical practice due to its fewer side effects.In comparison with racemic ketamine,esketamine exhibits strong receptor affinity,fast onset of action,high clear-ance rate,and easy control effects.In recent years,it has gradually become an integral component of multimodal analgesia and has been promoted in clinical anesthesia.This review provides a comprehensive summary of the pharmacological properties,clinical appli-cations,and side effects of esketamine,with a particular focus on its research advances and trends in various aspects including periop-erative acute and chronic pain,hemodynamics,postoperative cognitive function,postoperative recovery quality,postpartum depression,pediatric anesthesia,acute brain injury,painless diagnosis and treatment,and opioid-free anesthesia,aiming to provide a reference for the clinical application and future research of esketamine.
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