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新时代背景下我国新市民群体的迁移特征、健康融入及策略思考

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我国3亿新市民的健康发展是实现有效健康中国战略目标的必由之路。当前社会背景下亟需提出针对该人群市民化与健康公平的实现路径。通过总结新市民群体这一中国城镇化建设衍生的特殊群体的基本特征、健康状况,从新市民人群健康发展、城市健康公平实现两个角度分析迁移的双向影响。研究指出,新市民表现出较高的长期居住意愿,且存在健康选择效应。但社会结构性差异给新市民群体带来了健康的不公平性,从而极易导致在特定情境下的健康脆弱性。建议各级政府应加强对新市民群体健康需求的关注,提供主动、公平的基本卫生服务,妥善消减城市新市民的健康改变及风险,同时应从家庭-社会双向视角构建新市民群体健康风险抵御能力,从而有效削减其健康脆弱性影响因素,提升城市卫生服务公平性,进而实现"人人享有健康权"的健康中国建设目标。
Migration Characteristics,Health Integration and Strategic Thinking of New Citizen Group in China's New Era Process
Realizing the healthy development of 300 million new citizens is one of the most important part to achieve the effective Healthy China strategic goal.In the current social context,it is urgent to propose a path to achieve citizenship and health equity for this population.This study summarizes the basic characteristics and health status of the new urban population,a special group derived from China's urbanization construction,and analyzes the bidirectional impact of migration from two perspectives:the healthy development of the new urban population and the realization of urban health equity.Research has shown that new citizens exhibit a higher willingness to live in the long term and there is a health choice effect.However,social structural differences bring about health unfairness to the new citizen group,which can easily lead to health vulnerability in specific contexts.And it is suggested that go-vernments at all levels should strengthen their attention to the health needs of new citizens,provide proactive and fair basic health services,and properly reduce the health changes and risks of new urban citizens.At the same time,they should build the health risk resistance ability of new urban citizens from a dual perspective of family society,effec-tively reduce the factors affecting their health vulnerability,improve the fairness of urban health services,and achieve the goal of"everyone has the right to health"in the construction of a healthy China.

New citizen groupMigration characteristicsHealth risksHealth vulnerabilityImprove-ment strategy

闵锐、张小美、柳佳鑫

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华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院社会医学系,湖北 武汉,430030

新市民群体 迁移特征 健康风险 健康脆弱性 改善策略

国家自然科学基金青年项目

72204091

2024

中国社会医学杂志
华中科技大学同济医学院

中国社会医学杂志

CSTPCD
影响因子:1.193
ISSN:1673-5625
年,卷(期):2024.41(5)