摘要
目的 了解 2023 年中南某市三类公共场所嗜肺军团菌污染状况,分析健康风险.方法 于 2023 年 7 月采取非随机抽样方法在在中南某市三类公共场所采集集中空调水样、室内空气样本,以及公共设施物体表面样本进行检测和分析.采用培养法对集中空调冷却水和冷凝水嗜肺军团菌进行检测;采用荧光定量 PCR 对室内空气以及物体表面嗜肺军团菌进行检测.利用 Fisher确切概率法用于评估水样类型、场所类型与健康风险等级的相关性.结果 调查中共采集集中空调水样24 份、室内空气样本 213 份以及公共设施物体表面样本 282 份.培养法检测结果显示,集中空调水样的总体阳性率为37.5%,其中冷却水的阳性率为 55.6%(5/9),冷凝水的阳性率为 26.7%(4/15).其中,地铁站的集中空调水样阳性率为27.3%(3/11),宾馆的阳性率为 66.7%(6/9),火车站水样中未检测出嗜肺军团菌(0/4).风险分析发现,冷却水的高风险率为 55.6%(5/9),冷凝水的高风险率为 20.0%(3/15);地铁和宾馆水样的高风险率分别为 27.3%(3/11)和 55.6%(5/9).荧光定量 PCR结果显示,公共场所的室内空气和物体表面的检测结果均为阴性,中高风险率为 0%.结论 三类公共场所中,地铁和宾馆嗜肺军团菌阳性率较高,冷却水和冷凝水中均有较高检出率.
Abstract
Objective To investigate the pollution of Legionella pneumophila in three types of public places in a city in Central-South China in 2023,and to analyze the health risks.Methods In July 2023,a targeted non-random sampling method was used to collect samples from centralized air conditioning water,indoor air,and surface of public facility objects in three types of public spaces in a city in Central-South China.Legionella pneumophila in the cooling water and condensate water of centralized air conditioning was determined using the culture method,while fluorescent quantitative PCR was applied for indoor air and object surface samples.The Fisher's exact test was employed to evaluate the associations between water sample types,public space types,and health risk levels.Results In this study,24 samples from centralized air conditioning water systems,213 samples of indoor air,and 282 public facility object surface samples were collected.The culture assay showed that the overall positive rate was 37.5%for centralized air conditioning water samples,55.6%(5/9)for the cooling water samples,and 26.7%(4/15)for the condensate water samples.For centralized air conditioning water samples,the positive rate was 27.3%(3/11)in subway stations,66.7%(6/9)in hotels,and 0%(0/4)in train stations.In risk assessment,the high-risk rate was 55.6%(5/9)for cooling water,20.0%(3/15)for condensate water,27.3%(3/11)for subway water,and 55.6%(5/9)for hotel water.Fluorescence quantitative PCR showed that the positive rates of samples from indoor air and object surface in public places were 0%,and the medium and high risk rates were 0%.Conclusion In three types of public places,subways and hotels showed relatively high positive rates of Legionella pneumophila.Both cooling water and condensate water showed high positive rates.
基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC2600501)
全国公共场所健康危害因素监测项目(2016年)()
NETL
NSTL
万方数据