Genetics of human origin and evolution: high-altitude adaptation
High altitude,defined as elevation 2 500 m above sea level,challenges human survival and reproduction.However,this environment provides a natural experimental design wherein specific populations,such as Andeans,Ethiopians and Tibetans,have lived in a chronic hypoxia state for millennia.These human groups have overcome the low ambient oxygen tension of high elevation via unique physiologic and genetic adaptations.Genomic studies have identified several genes that underlie high-altitude adaptive phenotypes,many of which are central components of the hypoxia inducible factor(HIF)pathway.Further studies of mechanisms governing the adaptive changes responsible for high-altitude adaptation will contribute to our understanding of the molecular basis of evolutionary change and assist in the functional annotation of the human genome.
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万方数据
维普
