Trends of Clinical Distribution and Drug Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus from a Hospital in Ningxia from 2017 to 2022
Objective To analyze the characteristics of clinical distribution and drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolated in the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University from 2017 to 2021,so as to provide a theoretical basis for effective control and guidance for rational use of antibiotics in clinical practice.Methods The American Society for Clinical and Laboratory Standards(CLSI)Standards were consulted when statistical analysis of the specimen source,department distribution,and drug resistance outcomes of clinically isolated Staphylococcus aureus from January 2017 to December 2022 was conducted through retrospective analysis.Whonet 5.6 and Spss 21.0 software were used for data analysis.Results A total of 6047 non-repetitive Staphylococcus aureus were isolated from 2017 to 2022,including 1935 Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains(32.0％).The main specimen types of Staphylococcus aureus strains were wound secretions(43.4％),sputum(28.4％),pus(6.9％),blood(6.0％).The majority of these strains were split between the departments of dermatology(8.2％),bum and plastic surgery(22.0％),intensive care unit(12.3％),and emergency department(10.7％).The detection rate of Staphylococcus aureus had increased and then decreased,and MRSA remained stable at over 30.0％.The resistance rate of Staphylococcus aureus to penicillin was more than 90％,while the resistance rate to gentamicin,rifampin,ciprofloxacin,levofloxacin,sulfamethoxazole was less than 30％.No strain was found resistant to vancomycin,linezolid,teicoplanin and tigecycline in Staphylococcus aureus.The resistance rates of MRSA to penicillin,oxacillin,amikacin,rifampin,ciprofloxacin,levofloxacin,clindamycin,erythromycin,chloramphenicol and tetracycline were higher than those of MSSA(P＜0.05),while the resistance rate of MRSA to sulfamethoxazole was lower than MSSA(P＜0.05).Conclusion The detection rate of MRSA remained stable at about 32％,the burn patients had a high risk of infection with MRSA.The development of drug-resistant bacteria must be slowed down,clinical medicine must be standardized,and antibiotic management must be strengthened.
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