摘要
[目的]筛选防除黄金榕上日本菟丝子的安全、高效除草剂,为园林菟丝子防控提供科学依据.[方法]选用20种除草剂对接种了日本菟丝子的黄金榕进行茎叶处理,分别在药后1、5、10、20、30 d调查记录日本菟丝子中毒及黄金榕药害症状;药后30 d调查不同除草剂对日本菟丝子的防效及对黄金榕的抑制率.[结果]6％菟丝特AS 30mg/L和41％草甘膦异丙胺盐AS 365 mg/L对日本菟丝子的防除效果分别达90.55％和82.14％,对黄金榕新枝生长速率抑制率分别为9.89％和10.99％,属高效且安全等级1级;5％咪唑乙烟酸AS 134 mg/L、10％双草醚SC 56 mg/L、38％莠去津SC 1265 mg/L、10％苯磺隆WP 333 mg/L、4％烟嘧磺隆SC 89 mg/L和25％啶嘧磺隆WDG 55 mg/L对日本菟丝子的防效为56.93％～73.74％,对黄金榕新枝生长抑制率为12.09％～17.58％,属中效且安全等级1级;5％精喹禾灵EC89 mg/L、12％噁草酮EC 577 mg/L、96％精异丙甲草胺EC 2131mg/L、10％苄嘧磺隆WP 18 mg/L、24％乙氧氟草醚EC427 mg/L和33％二甲戊灵EC 1835mg/L对日本菟丝子的防效为0.63％～45.38％,对黄金榕新枝生长抑制率为2.20％～25.27％,属低效或无效,安全等级为0级或1级;90％环嗪酮WP1998mg/L、48％百草敌AS 427 mg/L、72％2,4-滴丁酯EC 640 mg/L、56％2甲4氯钠盐SP 745mg/L、20％氯氟吡氧乙酸EC 356 mg/L和80％敌草隆WP 2136 mg/L对日本菟丝子的防效为63.24％～100.00％,对黄金榕新枝生长抑制率为51.65％～100.00％,属高效或中效,安全等级为3级或4级.[结论]6％菟丝特AS 30 mg/L和41％草甘膦异丙胺盐AS 365 mg/L对日本菟丝子有较高的防除效果,且安生性较高,是防除黄金榕上日本菟丝子安全、高效的理想药剂.
Abstract
[Objective]The safe and efficient herbicides were screened to control Cuscuta japonica on Ficus microcarpa cv.Golden Leaves,in order to provide a scientific basis for controlling other species of dodder in the garden.[Method] Twenty kinds of herbicides were selected to spray stem and leaves of F.microcarpa cv.Golden Leaves inoculated with C.japouica.Then the toxicity symptoms of C.japouica and F.microcarpa cv.Golden Leaves caused by herbicides were observed respectively on 1,5,10,20,30 days after spraying with herbicides,and the control effects of herbicides on C.japouica and inhibition rate of herbicides on F.microcarpa cv.Golden Leaves were determined on day 30.[Result]By using 6％ tusite AS 30 mg/L and 41％ glyphosate-isopropylamine AS 365 mg/L,the control efficiencies on C.japouica reached up to 90.55％ and 82.14％,respectively,and the inhibition rates of new shoots growth were 9.89％ and 10.99％,respectively,thus these two herbicides were highly efficient,belonging to safety grade 1.By using 5％ imazet AS 134 mg/ L,10％ bispyribacsodium WP 56 mg/L,38％ atrazine SC 1265 mg/L,10％ tribenuron WP 333 mg/L,4％ nicosulfuron SC 89 mg/L and 25％ flazasulfuron WDG 55 mg/L,the control efficiencies on C.japouica ranged from 56.93％ to 3.74％,and the inhibition rates of new shoots growth ranged from 12.09％ to 17.58％,thus,these herbicides had medium efficiency,belonging to safety grade 1.By using 5％ quizalofoppethyl EC 89 mg/L,12％ oxadiazon EC 577 mg/L,96％ smetolachlor EC 2131 mg/L,10％ bensulfuron WP 18 mg/L,24％ oxyfluorfen EC 427 mg/L,33％ pendimethalin EC 1835 mg/L,the control efficiencies on C.japouica were 0.63％-45.38％,and the inhibition rates of new shoots growth ranged from 2.20％to 25.27％,thus,these herbicides was inefficient,belonging to safety grade 0 or 1.By using 90％ hexazinone WP 1998 mg/L,48％ dicamba AS 427 mg/L,72％ 2,4-butylate EC 640 mg/L,56％ MCPA-Na SP 745 mg/L,20％ fluroxypyr EC 356 mg/L and 80％ diuron WP 2136 mg/L,the control efficiency on C.japouica were 63.24％-100.00％ and the inhibition rates of new shoots growth were 51.65％-100.00％,thus these herbicides had medium or high efficiency,belonging to safety grade 3 or 4.[Conclusion]Because 6％ tusite AS 30 mg/L and 41％ glyphosate-isopropylamine AS 365 mg/L have higher control efficiency and safety,so which are safe and effective herbicides for controlling C.japouica on F.microcarpa cv.Golden Leaves ideally.
基金项目
广西农业科学院科技发展基金重点项目(桂农科2014YZ27)
南宁市科技局科技攻关项目(桂南科20132021)
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
维普
万方数据