摘要
[目的]对具有种植价值的68份澳洲坚果种质资源进行表型分类研究,为澳洲坚果种质资源的系统性分类与评价提供科学依据.[方法]根据《澳洲坚果种质资源描述规范和数据标准》和《澳洲坚果种质资源鉴定技术规范》等的鉴定评价方法,对来源于国内外68份澳洲坚果种质的64项表型性状(39项描述性状和25项数量性状)进行观测和描述,并基于此进行聚类分析和主成分分析.[结果]基于花表型性状的聚类分析,将68份种质分为长序多花型、中序多花杂交种和短序少花型3个类群.基于叶片表型性状的聚类分析,将68份种质分为大叶光壳种、中叶光壳种、小叶光壳种和大叶杂交种4个类群.基于果实表型性状的聚类分析,将68份种质分为大果光壳种、中果光壳种、小果光壳种和大果杂交种4个类群.基于其他类表型性状的聚类分析,将68份种质分为高产中晚熟型、中产早中熟型和低产早中熟型3个类群.综合聚类分析结果,将68份种质分为大叶大果多花型、中叶小果少花型、小叶中果少花型和大叶大果多花杂交种4个类群.综合64项表型性状的主成分分析及二维平面散点图,筛选出能系统评价68份种质表型分类的15个主要影响因子,包括带皮果单果鲜重、壳果单果鲜重/干重、叶片形状/叶形指数、坐果能力、成花能力、小花数量、小花颜色、成熟期特性、叶缘刺密度、壳果表面质地、嫩叶颜色、果仁重、叶面积、叶柄长度和叶序.[结论]基于花、叶片和果实等表型性状的聚类分析,支持现有的澳洲坚果分类体系;具有代表性的主要影响因子能科学、系统地评价澳洲坚果种质资源的表型分类.
Abstract
[Objective]The purpose of the study was to conduct aphenotypic classification study on 68 macadamia germplasm resources with planting value,and to provide a scientific basis for systematic classification and evaluation of macadamia germplasm resources.[Method]The 64 phenotypic traits(39 descriptive traits and 25 numerical traits)of 68 macadamia germplasm resources originating from domestic and foreign countries were observed and described according to the identification and evaluation methods in Description Specification and Data Standard for Macadamia Germplasm Resources and Technical Specification of Identification for Macadamia Germplasm Resources,and cluster analysis and principal component analysis were performed based on them.[Result]Based on cluster analysis of flower phenotypic traits,68 germplasms were divided into 3 groups:type with long inflorescence and multiple flowers,hybrid type with me-dium length inflorescence and multiple flowers,and type with short inflorescence and few flowers.Based on cluster analy-sis of leaf phenotypic traits,68 germplasms were divided into 4 groups:Macadamia integrifolia with big leaf,M.integri-folia with medium leaf,M.integrifolia with small leaf,and M.integrifolia/M.tetraphylla hybrid with big leaf.Based on cluster analysis of fruit phenotypic traits,68 germplasms were divided into 4 groups:M.integrifolia with big fruit,M.in-tegrifolia with medium size of fruit,M.integrifolia with small fruit,and M.integrifolia/M.tetraphylla hybrid with big fruit.Based on cluster analysis of other phenotypic traits,68 germplasm were divided into 3 groups:type of high yield and mid-late ripening,type of medium yield and early to medium ripening,and type of low yield and early to medium ripe-ning.Based on comprehensive cluster analysis,68 germplasm were divided into 4 groups:type with big leaf,big fruit and multiple flowers,type with medium size leaf,small fruit and few flowers,type with small leaf,medium size fruit and few flowers,and hybrid with big leaf,big fruit and multiple flowers.Based on principal component analysis and two-di-mension scatter plot analysis of 64 phenotypic traits,15 main influencing factors that could systematically evaluate classi-fication of 68 germplasm phenotypic traits were selected.The 15 main influencing factors included fresh weight of single fruit with pericarp,fresh weight/dry weight of single shellfruit,leaf shape/leaf shape index,fruiting ability,flowering ability,flower quantity,flower color,maturity characteristics,leaf edge thorn density,surface texture of shellfruit,young leaf color,weight of single kernel,leaf area,leaf petiole length,and leaf inflorescence.[Conclusion]The cluste-ring analysis based on phenotypic traits such as flowers,leaves,and fruits supports the existing classification system of macadamia.The representative main influencing factors can scientifically and systematically evaluate the phenotypic clas-sification of macadamia germplasm resources.
基金项目
国家自然科学基金(31860537)
广西科技计划项目(桂科AB19245008)
广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(桂农科2021YT154)
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
维普
万方数据