肉种鸡下笼后福利养殖模式下的生产性能和肠道组织形态差异分析
Production performance and intestinal tissue morphology difference of broiler breeders after leaving the cage in welfare breeding mode
王钱保 1黄华云 1李春苗 1黄正洋 1王志成 1赵振华1
作者信息
- 1. 江苏省家禽科学研究所,江苏扬州 225003
- 折叠
摘要
[目的]明确笼养肉种鸡下笼后不同饲养密度和活动空间对其生产性能和肠道组织形态的影响,为肉种鸡的合理淘汰提供科学有效方案.[方法]选取产蛋率和体重接近的60周龄待淘汰肉种鸡(L系母鸡),设平养组[处理Ⅰ、处理Ⅱ和处理Ⅲ]和笼养组(处理Ⅳ),各处理均为45只,3个重复;处理Ⅰ、处理Ⅱ和处理Ⅲ淘汰肉种鸡分别放养于密度为3.750、1.875和1.875只/m2的平养鸡舍内,其中处理Ⅲ设计栖架和沙浴福利养殖方式.饲养10周后测定、分析各处理淘汰肉种鸡的运动量、生产性能和肠道性能,筛选适宜淘汰肉种鸡的饲养密度和活动空间.[结果]平养组各处理淘汰肉种鸡的运动步数均显著高于笼养组(P<0.05,下同),但处理Ⅱ、处理Ⅲ和处理I的运动步数依次显著递减;笼养组淘汰肉种鸡的产蛋率、日产蛋量和死淘率均显著高于平养组各处理,日采食量和料蛋比则相反;70周龄时处理Ⅲ淘汰肉种鸡的产蛋率、日采食量和日产蛋量显著高于处理Ⅰ,日采食量显著低于处理Ⅱ;笼养组淘汰肉种鸡的蛋壳强度和蛋黄重显著低于平养组各处理,处理Ⅰ淘汰肉种鸡的蛋壳强度显著低于处理Ⅲ;70周龄时,相比于笼养组,平养组各处理淘汰肉种鸡十二指肠、空肠和回肠的绒毛高度显著提升,隐窝深度降低,处理Ⅲ淘汰肉种鸡的十二指肠、空肠和回肠的绒毛高度均显著高于处理Ⅰ,但低于处理Ⅱ,隐窝深度则相反.[结论]淘汰肉种鸡下笼后生产性能和肠道组织形态均显著降低,但在饲养密度为1.875只/m2鸡舍内添加栖架和增设沙浴形成立体空间运动平台平养的福利饲养方式,可有效提升其部分生产性能,改善蛋壳强度和肠道功能,适宜在肉种鸡淘汰过程中参考应用.
Abstract
[Objective]To investigate the effects of different breeding densities and activity space on production per-formance and intestinal tissue morphology of broiler breeders after leaving the cage for scientific and effective scheme of rational cull of broiler breeders.[Method]L-line hens of broiler breeders for culling aged 60 weeks with similar laying rate and body weight were selected.Then the floor rearing group[treatment Ⅰ,treatment Ⅱ and treatment Ⅲ] and the cage rearing group(treatment Ⅳ)were set up,with 45 L-line hens in each treatment and 3 replicates per treatment.Culled broiler breeders in treatment I,treatment II and treatment Ⅲ were raised in pasture in floor breeding houses with space of 3.750,1.875 and 1.875 hen/m2 respectively.The method applied in treatment Ⅲ was welfare breeding with perches and sand bath.After 10 weeks of feeding,the amount of exercise,production and intestinal performance of the culled broiler breeders in each treatment were measured and analyzed to screen the breeding density and activity space suitable for the culled broiler breeders.[Result]The number of exercise steps of culled broiler breeders in each treatment in floor rearing group was significantly higher than that in cage rearing group(P<0.05,the same below),but the number in treatments Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅰ significantly decreased in sequence.The laying rate,daily egg production and death rate of culled broiler breeders in cage rearing group were significantly higher than that in each treatment in floor rearing group,while the daily feed intake and feed to egg ratio were the opposite.The laying rate,daily feed intake and daily egg production of culled broiler breeders aged 70 weeks in treatment Ⅲ were significantly higher than that in treatment Ⅰ,but the daily feed intake was significantly lower than that in treatment Ⅱ.The eggshell strength and yolk weight of culled broiler breeders in cage rearing group were significantly lower than that in each treatment in floor rearing group,and the eggshell strength of culled broiler breeders in treatment Ⅰ was significantly lower than that in treatment Ⅲ.Compared with the cage rearing group,the villus height of duodenum,jejunum and ileum of culled broiler breeders aged 70 weeks in each treatment in floor rearing group significantly increased,while the crypt depth decreased.The villus height of duodenum,jejunum and ileum of culled broiler breeders aged 70 weeks in treatment Ⅲ were significantly higher than those in treatment Ⅰ,but lower than those in treatment Ⅱ,while the crypt depth was the opposite.[Conclusion]The production performance and intestinal tissue morphology significantly reduce after culled broiler breeders leave the cage.However,partial production performance,eggshell strength and intestinal function can be effectively improved by adding perches and sand bath to form a three-dimensional movement platform for floor rearing in the broiler breeder house with a feeding density of 1.875 hen/m2.This method is suitable for reference and application in the process of broiler breeders culling.
关键词
肉种鸡/下笼/福利养殖/生产性能/蛋品质/肠道形态Key words
broiler breeders/leaving the cage/welfare breeding/production performance/egg quality/intestinal morphology引用本文复制引用
基金项目
江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX[20]2012)
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-41-Z05)
江苏省种业振兴揭榜挂帅项目(JBGS[2021]109)
江苏省连云港市富民强村科技帮促项目(GY-BC202202)
出版年
2023
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
维普
万方数据