丁酸梭菌与富硒酵母对蛋鸡生产性能及粪便菌群结构的影响
Effects of Clostridium butyricum and selenium-enriched yeast on production performance and fecal flora structure of laying hens
陈孟姣 1王海波 1肖鹏 1何东贤 1莫红芳 1彭健波 1谢树桃 1周贞兵 1陆有飞 1白琳2
作者信息
- 1. 广西农业职业技术大学动物科技学院,广西南宁 530007
- 2. 广西中医药大学基础医学院,广西南宁 530200
- 折叠
摘要
[目的]探究混合饲喂丁酸梭菌(Clostridium butyricum)和富硒酵母对蛋鸡生产性能和粪便菌群结构的影响,为提升蛋鸡生产性能和经济价值提供参考依据.[方法]以海兰褐蛋鸡为试验动物,对照组(CK)饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中添加丁酸梭菌类和富硒酵母(T1,添加1.0 g/kg丁酸梭菌和0.2 mg/kg富硒酵母;T2,添加2.0 g/kg丁酸梭菌和0.2 mg/kg富硒酵母;T3,添加3.0 g/kg丁酸梭菌和0.2 mg/kg富硒酵母).预试期7d,正试期28 d,期间测定蛋鸡的产蛋率、平均日采食量、平均蛋重、料蛋比和死淘率,试验结束时测定蛋形指数、蛋壳厚度、蛋黄颜色、蛋白高度、哈氏单位和鸡蛋硒含量,并收集各组蛋鸡粪便,通过生物信息学方法分析其菌群结构.[结果]在生产性能方面,与CK相比,T1的产蛋率显著提高(P<0.05,下同),平均蛋重无显著差异(P>0.05,下同),平均日采食量和料蛋比显著降低,其他各组的平均日采食量和料蛋比略有下降;T1和T3的死淘率有所降低;各组的蛋白高度、哈氏单位和蛋形指数差异不显著;T1和T2的蛋壳厚度和鸡蛋硒含量均显著提高,且均以T1最高.在粪便菌群结构方面,与CK相比,T1和T2的ACE指数和Chao1指数升高,但差异不显著;T1的Shannon指数降低,Simpson指数升高,但差异均不显著.T1粪便的菌群丰富度和多样性均呈上升趋势;在门分类水平,CK的优势菌群为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、变形菌门(Proteobac-teria)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes),占比分别为74.02%、9.14%和7.03%,试验组的优势菌群均为厚壁菌门和变形菌门,其中,T1的变形菌门占比显著高于CK,厚壁菌门占比与CK差异不显著;在属分类水平,CK和试验组的优势菌群均为乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus),其占比间均无显著差异;T1和T2的梭形杆菌属(Lysinibacillus)占比均显著高于CK,其他属组成的菌属与CK均无显著差异.[结论]在基础日粮中添加丁酸梭菌和富硒酵母能提高蛋鸡的部分生产性能,且有利于促进蛋鸡肠道优良菌群结构形成,以添加1.0 g/kg丁酸梭菌和0.2 mg/kg富硒酵母的饲喂效果最佳.
Abstract
[Objective]The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of adding Clostridium butyricumand selenium-enriched yeast to the diet on the production performance and fecal flora structure of laying hens,so as to provide references for improving the production performance and economic value of layer hens.[Method]Hy-line brown laying hens were used as experimental animals.The control group(CK)was fed a basal diet,while the experimental groups received the basal diet supplemented with C.butyricum and selenium-enriched yeast.The supplementation levels were as follows:T1 group added 1.0 g/kg of C.butyricum and 0.2 mg/kg of selenium-enriched yeast,T2 group added 2.0 g/kg of C.butyricum and 0.2 mg/kg of selenium-enriched yeast,and T3 group added 3.0 g/kg of C.butyricum and 0.2 mg/kg of selenium-en-riched yeast.The pre-feeding period lasted for 7 d,followed by a 28 d experimental period,laying rate,average daily feed intake,average egg weight,the ratio of feed to egg and mortality rate of laying hens were measured during the period.At the end of the experiment,egg shape index,eggshell thickness,egg yolk color,albumen height,Haugh unit and egg selenium content were determined,and feces of laying hens in each group were collected and their flora structures were analyzed by bioinformatics.[Result]In terms of production performance,compared to the CK,T1 group showed a significantly increased egg production rate(P<0.05,the same below),no significant difference in average egg weight(P>0.05,the same below),and significantly decreased average daily feed intake and the ratio of feed to egg.Other groups showed slight decreases inaverage daily feed intake and the ratio of feed to egg.T1 and T3 groups had reduced mortality rates.There were no significant differences in albumen height,Haugh unit,and egg shape index among all experimental groups.The eggshell thickness and egg selenium content in T1 and T2 groups increased significantly,with the highest in T1 group.In terms of fecal flora structure,compared to the CK,T1 and T3 groups showed increases in ACE index and Chao1 index,but the differences were not significant.T1 group exhibited a decrease in Shannon index and an increase in Simpson index,but the differences were not significant.There was an upward trend in microbial richness and diversity in T1 group.At the phylum level,the dominant bacterial phyla in the CK were Firmicutes,Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes,accounting for 74.02%,9.14%and 7.03%,respectively.The dominant bacterial phyla in all experimental groups were Fir-micutes and Proteobacteria.In T1 group,the abundance of Proteobacteria was significantly higher than in the CK,while the proportion of Firmicutes showed no significant differences with that in the CK.At the genus level,the dominant bacte-rial genus in both CK and the experimental groups was Lactobacillus,with no significant differences in proportion.The proportion of Lysinibacillus was significantly higher in T1 and T2 group compared to CK,while other genera showed no significant differences with that in the CK.[Conclusion]Adding C.butyricum and selenium-enriched yeast to basal diet can improve partial production performance of laying hens,while also promote the formation of a favorable intestinal flo-ra structure in laying hens.The best feeding effect can be reached when 1.0 g/kg of C.butyricumand 0.2 mg/kg of selenium-enriched yeast are provided.
关键词
蛋鸡/丁酸梭菌/富硒酵母/生长性能/粪便菌群结构Key words
laying hens/Clostridium butyricum/selenium-enriched yeast/production performance/fecal flora structure引用本文复制引用
基金项目
广西自然科学基金(2020GXNSFBA159054)
广西高校中青年教师科研基础能力提升项目(2021KY1187)
广西农业职业技术大学科学研究与技术开发项目(XKJ2330)
广西农业职业技术大学科学研究与技术开发项目(YKJ2213)
出版年
2023
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
维普
万方数据