摘要
脂肪酸结合蛋白(Fatty acid binding proteins,FABPs)是一类来自共同祖先基因的小分子蛋白,广泛存在于动物肠道、心脏、脑、脂肪和肌肉等多种组织中,能特异性结合脂肪酸并将脂肪酸输送到过氧化物酶体、线粒体和细胞核等细胞器中,进而调控脂肪酸氧化和甘油三酯及磷脂合成等脂代谢过程.文章通过综述FABPs的分类、结构特征、生物学功能及典型无脊椎动物(原生动物、节肢动物、软体动物和棘皮动物)FABPs的研究进展,发现无脊椎动物的FABPs分子结构缺少糖、水分子、氨基和巯基等官能团,其功能更具复杂性,且主要与生长发育及脂肪酸转运等相关.相对于脊椎动物,无脊椎动物的FABPs研究尚处于起步阶段,今后需要进一步探究其基因结构、蛋白构造及其生物学功能等,包括如FABPs作为脂肪酸的细胞内载体以确定无脊椎动物特定膜供体和受体位点的识别,阐明FABPs分子结构是否具有捕获或释放配体的构象能力,分析配体结合特异性应与β-桶折叠定义空腔表面涂层的理化特性关系,以及不同类型FABPs是否具有不同的结构特点及生物学功能等.此外,从无脊椎动物分离获得的某些FABPs对生物疫苗制备具有一定促进作用,因此可应用于水产动物育种和代谢性疾病防治等生产实践中,为当前集约化养殖模式下的生物营养代谢性疾病预防和治疗提供新的视角.
Abstract
Fatty acid binding proteins(FABPs)are a family of small molecular weight proteins derived from a com-mon ancestral gene.They are widely distributed in various tissues including the intestines,heart,brain,adipose tissue and muscles.FABPs exhibit specific binding capabilities for fatty acids and are responsible for transporting these fatty acids to organelles such as peroxisomes,mitochondria and the cell nucleus,thereby regulating processes related to fatty acid oxidation,triglyceride,and phospholipid synthesis within cellular metabolism.This review article explored the clas-sification,structural characteristics,biological functions,and research progress on typical invertebrates(protozoa,ar-thropods,mollusks and echinoderms)FABPs.It was found that invertebrate FABPs lacked functional groups such as sugars,water molecules,amino and thiol groups in their molecular structure,suggesting a more complex functionality re-lated to growth,development and fatty acid transport.In comparison to vertebrates,research on invertebrate FABPs was still in its nascent stage,further investigation should focus on their gene structure,protein construction,biological func-tions,including elucidating their role as intracellular carriers of fatty acids to identify specific membrane ligand recogni-tion sites in invertebrates,confirming whether FABPs molecular structures possessed the capability to capture or release li-gands,analyzing the relationship between ligand binding specificity and the physicochemical properties of β-barrel fold-defined cavity surface coatings,and exploring potential differences in features and biological functions across different types of FABPs.Additionally,certain FABPs isolated from invertebrates have shown promising applications in the prepa-ration of biogenic vaccines,thus potentially contributing to aquaculture breeding and the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases,providing new perspectives for the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases in intensive aqua-culture models.
基金项目
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(32002414)
大连市青年科技之星项目(2020RQ120)
海南热带海洋学院崖州湾创新研究院开放项目(2022XYKFKT08)
辽宁省教育厅高校基本科研项目(JYTMS20230475)
维普
万方数据