Effects of different slope aspects on Coffea arabica L.rhizospheric soil physical and chemical properties and soil microbiota
[Objective]It is of great theoretical significance to study the rhizosphere soil physical-chemical properties and microbial communities in different slope aspects in the four main producing areas of Yunnan Province,and it can pro-vide theoretical basis for improving the sustainable management and production of fine Coffea arabica L.[Method]The rhizosphere soil physical-chemical properties of C.arabica were measured on the north and south slopes of four main C.arabica producing areas(Dehong,Lincang,Pu'er,and Baoshan)in Yunnan Province.In addition,community structure and diversity of bacteria and fungi were analyzed based on 16S rRNA and ITS sequences of rhizosphere soil microorgan-isms.Meanwhile,it was analyzed the effects of physical and chemical properties of rhizosphere soil on microbial commu-nities. [Result]The significant differences in the electrical conductivity,hydrolytic nitrogen and available potassium among the rhizosphere soils were displayed between the north and south slopes in the four main producing areas(P<0.01, the same below). The organic matter content showed significant difference in the rhizosphere soils between north and south slopes of Dehong and Baoshan. The available phosphorus demonstrated significant difference in the rhizosphere soils between north and south slopes of Dehong,Lincang and Pu 'er. The rhizosphere soil nutrient elements were more en-riched in the north slopes compared with the south slopes of the four main producing areas. A total of 24 and 16 bacterial and fungal phyla in rhizosphere soil were detected. The dominant bacterial phyla in the rhizosphere soils of the north and south slopes of the four main producing areas were Proteobacteria,Actinomycetes,Acidobacteria,Chloroflexi,and Fir-micutes. Ascomycetes were the dominant fungal phyla in the rhizosphere soils of the four main producing areas. There were 13 bacterial and 5 fungal phyla,showing significant differences in relative abundance between the north and south slopes of the four main producing areas. The noticeable differences in α diversity index of bacteria and fungi in the rhizo-sphere soils were observed between the north and south slopes in Dehong,Lincang,and Baoshan main producing areas. Principal coordinate analysis demonstrated that there were remarkable differences in the composition of bacterial and fun-gal communities in the rhizosphere soils of the four main producing areas. However,the analyses of principal coordinates, anosim and adonis showed that there was no significant difference in the bacterial and fungal communities in the rhizo-sphere soil between north and south slopes at the same site. Redundancy analysis showed that pH was the primary environ-mental factor affecting the composition of the dominant bacterial and fungal phyla communities in the rhizosphere soil of coffee. [Conclusion]In conclusion,the nutrient and α diversity of bacterial and fungal communities in the rhizosphere soil on the north slope were more abundant than those on the southern slope,which was more suitable for the cultivation of C. arabica. This study will provide a theoretical basis for further improving the cultivation and management of small-grain coffee and the yield of fine coffee beans in Yunnan Province.
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