摘要
[目的]评价从长梗喉毛花[Comastoma pedunlulatum(Royle ex D.Don)Holub]中分离得到的3种化合物的抗烟草花叶病毒(Tobacco mosaic virus,TMV)活性及其对烟草4种防御酶活性的影响,为研发有效防治TMV的植物源农药提供先导化合物和理论依据.[方法]以心叶烟为试验材料,设化合物处理(当药黄素、高杯喉毛花内酯A和异荭草素)、空白对照(CK)和药剂对照(8%宁南霉素)处理,采用半叶枯斑法测定化合物对TMV侵染的预防保护和钝化作用;以普通烟草栽培品种K326为试验材料,设对照[空白对照(CK)和接种对照(CK+TMV)]、宁南霉素[药剂对照(PC)]、当药黄素、高杯喉毛花内酯A和异荭草素处理,利用防御酶检测试剂盒测定各处理烟草叶片中多酚氧化酶(PPO)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性.每处理3次重复.[结果]先施用被试物后接种TMV时,当药黄素、高杯喉毛花内酯A 和异荭草素在100 μg/mL时均减少TMV在心叶烟上的枯斑数目,对TMV的抑制率分别为50.05%、57.55%和61.73%,均对TMV侵染均具有一定的预防保护作用,而对照药剂宁南霉素对TMV的抑制率只为47.75%.TMV与被试物溶液混合接种心叶烟时,当药黄素和高杯喉毛花内酯A 对TMV的抑制率分别为51.65%和45.66%,对TMV侵染有较好的钝化作用.分别施用当药黄素、高杯喉毛花内酯A和异荭草素后,烟草叶片防御酶PPO活性分别在24、12和24 h后达最大值;PAL活性均在72 h时达最大值;POD活性分别在24、48和72 h后达最大值.PPO、PAL和POD活性在最大值时与CK均呈显著差异(P<0.05),而SOD活性在最大值时与CK无显著差异(P>0.05).[结论]分离自长梗喉毛花的3种化合物当药黄素、高杯喉毛花内酯A和异荭草素使用浓度为100 μg/mL时对TMV均有较好的预防保护活性,具有作为抗TMV植物源农药或先导化合物的潜力.
Abstract
[Objective]Tobacco mosaic virus(TMV)seriously damages tobacco,potato,pepper and other food and economic crops.To provide the lead compounds and theoretical basis for the development of plant-derived pesticides that can effectively prevent and control tobacco viral diseases,the anti-TMV activities of three compounds isolated from Co-mastoma pedunlulatum and their effects on tobacco defense enzyme activities were evaluated.[Method]Nicotiana gluti-nosa L was used as the materials,there were three groups,which were compounds treatment group(swertisin,comtraide A and isoorientin),negative control(CK)group and positive control(8%ningnanmycin)group.The protective and inac-tivation effects of the compounds on TMV infection were determined by half-leaf method.Using tobacco cultivar K326 as the materials,control group including negative control(CK)and TMV-inoculated control(CK+TMV),compounds treat-ment group(swertisin,comtraide A and isoorientin)and ningnanmycin treatment group(positive control)were divided.The effects of three compounds on tobacoo defense enzymes(PPO,PAL,SOD and POD)were determined by the de-fense enzyme assay kits.Each set of experiments was repeated three times.[Result]Swertisin,comtraide A and isoorien-tin could reduce the lesion numbers of TMV on Nicotiana glutinosa plants when the tobacco leaves were first applied with compounds at 100 μg/mL and then inoculated with TMV,showing good protective effects against TMV infection,with the inhibition rates of 50.05%,57.55%and 61.73%,respectively,whereas the inhibition rate of ningnanmicin against TMV was only 47.75%.When the TMV were mixed with compounds and then inoculated the plant leaves,Swertisin and comtraide A also had good inactivation effects against TMV,whose inhibition rates were 51.65%and 45.66%,respec-tively.After application of swertisin,comtraide A and isoorientin,the maximum activities of defense enzymes PPO were reached after 24 h,12 h and 24 h,respectively;the maximum activities of PAL were reached after 72 h;the maximum activities of defense enzymes POD were reached after 24 h,48 h and 72 h,respectively.The activities of PPO,PAL and POD were significantly different from those of the control group at the maximum value,while the activities of SOD were not significantly different from those of the control group.[Conclusion]The above three compounds at the concentration of 100 μg/mL show better protective activities against TMV than the commercially available pesticide Ningnanmycin,suggesting that they have the potential to be developed into new biological pesticides or lead compound against TMV.
基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(31860498)
国家自然科学基金项目(31860100)
云南省兴滇英才支持计划产业创新人才项目(XDYC-CYCX-2022-0065)
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据