Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction process and properties of protein from Plukenetia volubilis
[Objective]To enhance the extraction methodology of Plukenetia volubilis protein and investigate its pro-cessing characteristics to provide reference for the advanced processing and utilization of P.volubilis protein.[Method]A microwave-assisted alkali dissolution-acid precipitation method was used to extract P.volubilis protein(denoted as MAPP)from its cake.Based on a single-factor test,the extraction process was optimized by response surface methodolo-gy using liquid-to-material ratio(A),microwave power(B)and microwave time(C)as independent variables and MAPP yield(Y)as response value.Furthermore,the effects of varying temperatures and pH on MAPP's processing properties were investigated,which were compared with alkali dissolution-acid precipitation extracted P.volubilis protein(denoted as APP).[Result]The effects of the three factors on the MAPP yield were ranked as microwave power>liquid-to-material ratio>microwave time,in which the effect of microwave power was extremely significant(P<0.01,the same be-low),and the effects of the three interaction items were not significant(P>0.05),and the model optimization equation was Y=14.42+0.5075A+1.05B+0.4838C+0.0425AB+0.4225AC-0.1350BC-1.25A2-1.13B2-0.8725C2.The optimal pro-cess conditions for MAPP extraction were obtained:liquid-to-material ratio of 17∶1(mL/g),microwave power of 645 W,and microwave time of 62 s.Under these conditions,the protein yield was 14.46%,and the protein purity was 90.29%,which was higher than that of the APP yield(13.24% ).The heat treatment at 60℃enhanced the solubility of P.volubilis protein,the water holding rate and oil holding rate were the largest at 50℃;when the pH was 2 or 9,the solu-bility of P.volubilis protein was high,and its foaming and foaming stability,emulsification and emulsion stability were the highest;compared with APP,the solubility and water holding rate of MAPP were extremely significantly increased at 60 and 70℃,and the oil holding rate of MAPP was higher than that of APP in the range of 20-60℃,the solubility of MAPP was extremely significantly improved in the pH range of 4-7;the foaming and foaming stability,emulsification and emulsion stability were improved under the appropriate pH conditions.[Conclusion]Microwave-assisted alkali dissolution-acid precipitation can increase the protein yield of P.volubilis and improve its processing properties.
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