摘要
[目的]通过分析不同供磷水平对椰枣幼苗生长、生理指标和营养元素含量的影响,为构建椰枣幼苗平衡施肥技术提供理论依据.[方法]以椰枣幼苗为试验材料,采用盆栽试验,设4个供磷水平处理,浓度分别为5(CK)、100、1000和5000 μmol/L,培养7个月后,观察测定幼苗的生长、生理指标和营养元素含量.[结果]5 μmol/L供磷水平下,椰枣幼苗长势弱;100 μmol/L供磷水平下椰枣幼苗的根部鲜重显著低于1000 μmol/L供磷水平(P<0.05,下同);1000 μmol/L供磷水平下椰枣幼苗长势好,其根部鲜重、地上部干重、株高增加量、植株磷含量、植株磷累积量、第3叶和第6叶片中的可溶性蛋白含量均显著大于CK;5000 μmol/L供磷水平下,新抽叶片密集,根部磷利用效率和植株磷利用效率最低.同一供磷水平下,椰枣幼苗茎尖中的磷含量高于叶片和根尖.不同供磷水平对地上部和根部氮、钾、钙、镁、钠、铝元素的含量影响不同.随着供磷水平的增加,地上部和根部的钾、铝含量,以及地上部钙含量均先增加后降低,地上部镁含量逐渐增加,根部钙、镁含量逐渐降低;5000 μmol/L供磷水平下,地上部和根部的钠含量达最高.1000 μmol/L供磷水平下,椰枣幼苗地上部的氮、钾、镁、钠、铝的累积量,地上部氮利用效率,以及地上部和根部的钙利用效率显著大于CK.[结论]营养液中的供磷水平会影响椰枣幼苗的长势、生理指标及营养元素的含量、累积量和利用效率.过低或者过高供磷水平均不利于椰枣幼苗的生长,1000 μmol/L供磷水平下,椰枣幼苗长势良好.
Abstract
[Objective]This study analyzed the effect of different phosphorus(P)levels on date palm seedling growth,physiological indexes,nutrient elements contents to provide theoretical basis for developing balanced technique of fer-tilization of date palm seedling.[Method]Selecting date palm seedlings as research material,a pot+nutrient solution experiment was conducted.The nutrient solution was set at 4 P levels with concentrations of 5(CK),100,1000 and 5000 μmol/L.The growth,physiological indexes and nutrient element conctents of the date palm seedlings were observed and measured after 7 months of cultivation.[Result]Under the 5 μmol/L P level,the growth of date palm seedlings was weak.Under the 100 μmol/L P level,the fresh weight of root was significantly lower than that under the 1000 μmol/L P level(P<0.05,the same below).Under the 1000 μmol/L P level,the growth of date palm seedlings grew well,the fresh weight of root,dry weight of shoot,the increment of plant height,the P concentration of plant,the P accumulation of plant,the soluble protein concentration of the 3rd and 6rd leaves were significantly higher than those under CK.The newly sprouted leaves were dense,the P use efficiency of root and plant were the lowest under the 5000 μmol/L P level.Under the same P level,the P content in shoot tip was higher than that in leaves and root tip.The concentration of nitrogen(N),potassium(K),calcium(Ca),magnesium(Mg),sodium(Na),aluminium(Al)in shoot and root were different under different P levels.With the increase of P level,the concentration of K,Al in shoot and root,and the concentration of Ca in shoot increased initially and then decreased,the concentration of Mg in shoot gradually increased,and the concentra-tion of Ca and Mg in root gradually decreased.Under the 5000 μmol/L P level,the concentration of Na in shoot and root reached the highest.Under the 1000 μmol/L P level,the accumulation of N,K,Mg,Na and Al in the shoot,the N use efficiency in shoot,the Ca use efficiency in shoot and root were significantly higher than those under CK.[Conclusion]The P level in nutrient solution affects the growth,physiological indexes,concentration,accumulation and use efficiency of nutrient element of date palm seedlings.Too low or too high P level is not conducive to the growth of date palm seed-lings.Under 1000 μmol/L P level,date palm seedlings grow well.
基金项目
海南省自然科学基金项目(319QN325)
海南省自然科学基金项目(323QN271)
农业农村部物种品种资源保护(热带作物)项目(2130135)
农业国际交流与合作专项业务费项目(125163015000200006)
维普
万方数据