Correlation analysis and comprehensive evaluation of root morphology,physiological indicators and yield of rice in saline-alkali land of Ningxia
[Objective]The study aimed to comparatively analyze the relationship between root morphology and physio-logical indicators and yield of different rice varieties(lines)in saline-alkali land of Ningxia,and to screen high-yielding rice varieties(lines)suitable for planting in saline-alkali land of Ningxia,providing references for the breeding and plan-ting of high-yielding rice varieties in saline-alkali land of Ningxia.[Method]Four conventional Ningxia rice varieties(Ningjing 52,Ningjing 57,96D10,HJW14)and one Haidao 86 derivative line(Chen 2)were used as test materials to conduct field planting experiments in saline-alkali land of Ningxia.During key growth stages(seedling,tillering,hea-ding and filling stages),root morphological indicators(root diameter,root length,root surface area,root volume,root fresh weight and root dry weight),physiological indicators[superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,peroxidase(POD)activity,root activity,total root absorption area and active root absorption area]and yield and component factor indica-tors(spike number,kernels per spike,thousand-seed weight,setting rate,yield)were detected.Correlation analysis,principal component analysis and membership function method were used to comprehensively evaluate different rice varie-ties(lines).[Result]The root diameter of different rice varieties(lines)showed a gradual increasing trend as the rice growth period progressed.The root length,root surface area and root volume showed a gradual increasing trend from the seedling stage to the heading stage,and showed a decreasing trend from the heading stage to the filling stage.The root morphology of Ningjing 52,Ningjing 57 and Chen 2 was better than that of 96D10 and HJW14.The root vitality of Chen 2 and Ningjing 57 was better than that of Ningjing 52,96D10 and HJW14.The total root absorption area and root active absorption area of Ningjing 52,Ningjing 57 and Chen 2 were generally higher than those of 96D10 and HJW14.SOD ac-tivity and POD activity of Ningjing 52,Ningjing 57 and Chen 2 during different growth stages were higher than those of 96D10 and HJW14.In terms of yield performance,Ningjing 52 had the highest yield of 7420.97 kg/ha,while HJW14 had the lowest yield of 4970.94 kg/ha.Correlation analysis results indicated that yield was significantly positively correlated with the total root absorption area(P＜0.05),and extremely significantly positively correlated with SOD activity and POD activity(P＜0.01).The principal component analysis results determined that root length,root surface area,root fresh weight,root dry weight,root activity,root active absorption area,SOD activity and thousand-seed weight were key indi-cators of salt-alkali tolerance.Using the membership function method combined with the weight analysis method,the comprehensive evaluation values(D)for the salt-alkali tolerance of different rice varieties(lines)were ranked as follows:Ningjing 57＞Ningjing 52＞Chen 2＞96D10＞HJW14.[Conclusion]Considering the comprehensive D value and the actual yield,Ningjing 52 exhibits relatively good performance in saline-alkali land,making it a suitable high-yield rice variety for planting and demonstration in saline-alkali land ofNingxia.
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