Effects of low-temperature impact milling treatment on the properties of Tremella fuciformis and its polysaccharides
[Objective]To investigate the effects of low-temperature impact milling on the properties of Tremella fuci-formis powders and T.fuciformis polysaccharides(TFP),with a view to providing theoretical basis for the deep processing of T.fuciformis powders and the extraction of active ingredients.[Method]Different classifier frequencies(10,20,30 and 40 Hz)of the low-temperature impact mill were used to crush the dried T.fuciformis,and TFP were obtained by water ex-traction and alcohol precipitation method.The basic nutrients,physical properties of different T.fuciformis powders and the basic physicochemical properties,rheological properties and structure of TFP were determined to investigate the ef-fects of classifier frequency on T.fuciformis powders and TFP.[Result]As the frequency of the classifier increased,the moisture content(10.41%-12.18%)of T.fuciformis powders gradually decreased,while there was no significant differen-ce in protein and ash contents(P>0.05);the color of T.fuciformis powders gradually changed from yellow to white,which showed an increase in the L* value,and decrease in the a* and b* values.The average particle size D50(47.7-389.0 μm)was significantly reduced(P<0.05),the water holding capacity(2.90-3.63 g/g)and oil holding capacity(2.67-3.36 g/g)were increased,and the powder fluidity was reduced.Compared with the polysaccharide properties extracted from T.fuci-formis powders without low-temperature impact milling treatment,the polysaccharide yields(5.23%-13.88%)obtained using the treated T.fuciformis powders,the content of neutral sugars(63.71%-74.12%)and glucuronic acid(24.17%-28.60%)were increased,while the protein content(0.29-0.65 g/g)was reduced.In addition,the lowest molecular weight of the polysaccharides was 15400 kD at a classifier frequency of 30 Hz;all the different TFP had mannose as the main monosaccharide,and the rest consisted of ribose,rhamnose,glucuronic acid,galacturonic acid,glucose,galactose,xy-lose,and fucose.The absolute values of polysaccharides Zeta potential increased gradually with the increase of frequen-cies of classifier.The results of rheological characterization showed that the different TFP solutions were all non-Newtonian fluids,and the viscosity of the solutions was the highest when the classifier frequency was 20 Hz.Infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction showed that the polysaccharides extracted from T.fuciformis powder with different classifier frequencies did not produce new functional groups and were amorphous.[Conclusion]Low-temperature impact milling can improve the color of T.fuciformis powder,change the particle size of T.fuciformis powder as well as the flui-dity,improve the yield of polysaccharide,also affect the rheological properties of TFP,but will not change the monosac-charide composition and basic structure of the polysaccharides.
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