Diversity analysis of phenotypic traits and screening of excellent germplasm resources on different Pennisetum alopecuroides provenances
[Objective]The diversity in phenotypic traits of different Pennisetum alopecuroides provenances were stu-died to screen excellent provenances,and to provide scientific basis for the innovative utilization of native P.alopecuroides in China.[Method]The variant analysis,correlation analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis of 9 pheno-typic traits from 26 different P.alopecuroides provenances(including the plant height,crown width,inflorescence per plant,inflorescence length,inflorescence diameter,stalk length,awn length,leaf length,and leaf width)were conducted.[Result]F test values of 9 phenotypic traits were extremely significant different among different provenances(P<0.01,the same below).The average coefficient of variation of 9 phenotypic traits was 15.6%,and the coefficient of variation of each trait was greater than 10.0%.Awn length was the most differentiated among different provenances,its coefficient of variation was 21.1%,followed by the inflorescence diameter and inflorescence per plant,which were 20.6%and 20.0%respectively.The smallest coefficient of variation was the crown width(10.9%).The phenotypic traits of P.alopecuroides were correlated with geographical factors to varying degrees.Altitude was extremely significantly negatively correlated with plant height and stalk length,and significantly negatively correlated with inflorescence length(P<0.05,the same be-low).The longitude and latitude were extremely significantly positively correlated with plant height,inflorescence dia-meter and stalk length,and were significantly positively correlated with inflorescence length,while other traits were not sig-nificantly correlated with geographical factors(P>0.05).Plant height,inflorescence length,inflorescence diameter,stalk length and inflorescence per plant were the main factors that caused phenotypic differences among different P.alopecuroi-des provenances.The 26 P.alopecuroides provenances could be divided into 4 groups.Group I included 3 provenances,all of which came from Guizhou.The main characteristics were shorter plants,larger crown width,fewer inflorescences,smaller inflorescences,and thinner leaves.GroupⅡ included 1 provenance from Hunan,which was characterized by short plants,compact plant type(small crown width),short inflorescence and slender leaves.Group Ⅲ consisted of 2 provenances from Guizhou,which were characterized by short plants,large crown width,large number of inflorescences and wide leaves.Group Ⅳ consisted of 20 provenances from Hubei and Henan,characterized by tall plants,longer spikes,and larger inflorescences.The 5 P.alopecuroides provenances PA26,PA20,PA15,PA17 and PA18 from Gui-zhou,Hubei and Henan performed better in terms of comprehensive traits.[Conclusion]There are rich variations in phe-notypic traits of P.alopecuroides from different provenances,and the screened 5 P.alopecuroides provenances have better comprehensive traits and great potential for genetic improvement.
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