Anthocyanins are water-soluble plant pigments which are widely found in plants. They play an important role in protecting plants from stress damage and preventing human chronic diseases. In model plants,the biosynthesis of anthocyanin is well studied,and the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway is mainly controlled by a series of enzymes which are encoded by structural genes and transcriptional regulatory factors(include MYB,bHLH and WD40 proteins). In addition,three members of the LBD(Lateral organ Boundary Domain)gene family,LBD37,LBD38 and LBD39,have been identified as negative regulators on anthocyanin biosynthesis,and micro RNA and environmental factors also have regulating effect during the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway. Meanwhile,plant hormones such as jasmonic acid(JA), gibberellin(GA)and abscisic acid(ABA)are also involved in the regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis. In light of the deeper researches on plant anthocyanins in recent years,the results of a growing number of researches indicate that the molecular regulation mechanism of anthocyanin synthesis pathway have a great diversity and complexity in different plants. This review provides an interpretation on the biosynthetic pathway of the anthocyanins,the related enzymes and regulatory factors. Besides,the review also summarizes the connection between gene mutation and color variation, and provides the theoretical basis for the further study of molecular regulation mechanism of anthocyanin,of its genetic regularity,and of crop genetic improvement based on genetic engineering.
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据
维普
