A new species, Selaginella pseudotamariscina X. C. Zhang & C. W. Chen (Selaginellaceae), is described from Vietnam. The placement of this species within Selaginella subg. Stachygynandrum is assessed based on molecularphylogenetic analyses and morphological comparisons with related species. Molecular phylogenetic analyses suggest that S. pseudotamariscina is sister to S. digitata-S. imbricata clade. Morphologically, the new species is similar to S. tamariscina and S. pulvinata by sharing the rosette-forming habit, but distinguished by its dorsal leaves symmetrical, lanceate, sulcate on upper surface;strobili slightly dorsiventrally complanate and non-resupinate, sporophylls resembling vegetative leaves in form and arrangement, non-resupinate, the ventral sporophylls larger than the dorsal ones, dorsal sporophylls sterile, sporangia only borne on the base of ventral sporophylls.