摘要
癌症是全球最常见死亡原因之一,已成为当前全球共同面对的持续性公共卫生挑战.癌症患者的治疗难度大、死亡率较高,最主要的原因就是大多数患者在确诊时已经处于中晚期.癌症早期患者的 5 年生存率要远远高于中晚期患者.因此,实现癌症的早筛查、早发现、早诊断、早治疗是提高患者治疗率和生存率的重要手段.本文介绍了癌症早期筛查技术的现状,主要分为有创检测和无创检测两大类,包括组织学活检、影像学检查、标记物检测、呼出气体检测以及新兴的液体活检等,旨在提高早期癌症诊断和治疗的成功率,探索可行有效的早期筛查策略,降低癌症的死亡率.
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most common causes of death in over 100 countries worldwide and has become a persistent public health challenge that the world is currently facing.The treatment difficulty and high mortality rate of cancer patients are mainly due to the fact that most patients are already in the middle and late stages of the disease.At this point,the 5-year survival rate of early cancer patients is much higher than that of mid to late stage patients.Early screening,detection,diagnosis,and treatment of cancer are important means to improve treatment and survival rates.Among them,early screening for cancer is crucial.This article introduces the current development of early cancer screening technology,which is mainly divided into two categories,invasive detection and non-invasive detection,including histological biopsy,imaging examination,marker detection,exhaled gas detection,and emerging liquid biopsy.The aim is to improve the success rate of early cancer diagnosis and treatment,explore feasible and effective early screening strategies,and reduce the mortality rate of cancer.
维普
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