摘要
介孔分子筛大的比表面积和规则的孔道结构使其具有很高的活性和较大的吸附容量,在石油化工、环境科学等众多领域具有潜在的应用价值.本文主要介绍了介孔分子筛的合成、改性及在催化领域的应用情况.其中合成方法分为软模板法包括水热晶化合成法、溶胶-凝胶法、微波辐射法等和硬模板法,对比了各种合成方法的的优劣.改性方法分为负载杂原子、金属、分子和作为活性载体等类型,然后介绍了其在酸催化、碱催化及氧化还原反应中的应用情况.最后,对未来的发展前景作了预测和展望.
Abstract
Mesoporous molecular sieve with a large specific surface area and the rules of tunnel structure make it have high activity and larger adsorption capacity.In the petroleum chemical industry,environmental science,and many other fields,nano mesoporous molecular sieve has potential application value.The synthesis,modification and application in the field of catalysis of mesoporous molecular sieves were mainly introduced.The synthesis methods were divided into soft template method,including hydrothermal crystallization method,sol-gel method,microwave radiation method and hard template method.The advantages and disadvantages of various synthesis methods were compared.The modification methods can be divided into types such as loading heteroatoms,metals,molecules,and serving as active carriers.Then,their applications in acid catalysis,alkali catalysis,and redox reactions were introduced.Finally,predictions and prospects for future development were made.
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