Effects of Different Cultivation Measures on Agronomic Traits and Physiological Characteristics of Spring Peanut in Eastern Henan Region
[Objective]The suitable artificial sowing and mechanical sowing modes of spring peanut in eastern Henan were explored,which provided reference for improving cultivation benefits and high-quality development of peanut industry in Eastern Henan.[Method]The L8(4×24)orthogonal test method was used to study the effects of 5 factors(planting density,number of seeds per hole,dosage of coating agent,ridge height and base fertilizer dosage)on plant height,the number of total branches,lodging rate,the number of invalid gynophores per plant,the number of full pods per plant,the number of blighted pods per plant,well-filled pod rate per plant,pods weight per plant,100-pod weight,100-seed weight,shelling percentage,pod yield and SPAD of leaves.And the correlation between different factors and pod yield were analyzed.[Result]The plant height and lodging rate were significantly increased by increasing planting density,but the number of total branches,the number of full pods per plant,the number of blighted pods per plant and pods weight per plant were significantly decreased by increasing planting density.With the increase of planting density,pod yield first increased and then decreased.The optimum planting density was 210 000 holes/hm2.Comparing one seed per hole,the treatment of two seeds per hole significantly increased the plant height and the pod yield,but significantly decreased the number of total branches,the number of invalid gynophores,the number of full pods per plant,the number of blighted pods per plant,pods weight per plant and 100-pod weight.Seed coating significantly increased pod yield and pods weight per plant.Ridging significantly increased pods weight per plant and 100-seed weight,but significantly decreased plant height.Properly reducing the dosage of base fertilizer had no significant effect on all the agronomic traits.The number of seeds per hole,dosage of coating agent,planting density and cloasge of base fertilizer were all positive correlated with pod yield,among which the number of seeds per hole was significantly correlated with the pod yield.The ridge height was negatively correlated with the pod yield,but not at a significant level.Among the 8 treatments(P1-P8),there were very significant differences in plant height,the number of total branches,the number of invalid gynophores,the number of full pods per plant,the number of blighted pods per plant,pods weight per plant,100-pod weight and pod yield,and also there were significant differences in lodging rate,100-seed weight,shelling percentage and the SPAD value of leaves in late growth period.P4 treatment with manual sowing mode and P5 with treatments mechanical sowing mode had the highest pod yield with 5 401.65 kg/hm2 and 5 024.40 kg/hm2,respectively.[Conclusion]Considering the peanut yield and input costs,the cultivation modes of spring peanut in eastern Henan were suggested as follows:the planting density of manual sowing model should be 180 000 holes/hm2,two seeds per hole,seed coating,ridging and the base fertilizer dosage of N,P2O5 and K2O should be 102.0 kg/hm2.The the planting density of mechanical sowing mode should be 210 000 holes/hm2,one seed per hole,seed coating,ridging and the base fertilizer dosage of N,P2O5 and K2O should be 102.0 kg/hm2.
peanutagronomic traitsphysiological characteristicsspring sowingcultivation modeseastern Henan region
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