摘要
[目的]探明枝条原位还田增施负载营养微生物菌剂、土壤调理剂、尿素对枝条腐解率及土壤性质的影响,为省时省力的枝条肥料化利用提供科学依据.[方法]以不进行葡萄枝条原位还田为对照(CK),采用田间试验方法,研究枝条原位还田不同处理[T1(不施肥)、T2(尿素 225 kg/hm2)、T3(尿素225 kg/hm2、负载营养微生物菌剂 60 kg/hm2)、T4(尿素 225 kg/hm2、负载营养微生物菌剂 60 kg/hm2、土壤调理剂300 kg/hm2)]对枝条腐解率与土壤性质的影响.[结果]T4 枝条腐解率、土壤有机质、孔隙度和水分含量较CK、T1、T2 和T3 分别提高 12.7%～33.3%,5.52%～33.04%,3.61%～16.41%和 2.40%～19.66%,土壤容重降低6.19%～16.54%.T4 细菌、放线菌和真菌较CK、T1、T2 和T3 分别增加 0.09～6.94倍、0.33～7.78倍和 0.31～1.03倍.T4 土壤过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶、脲酶和磷酸酶活性较 CK、T1、T2 和 T3 分别提高 0.25～5.48倍、0.04～0.65倍、0.31～1.78倍和 0.12～1.60倍.各处理土壤 N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn和 B含量均为 T4>T3>T2>T1>CK.[结论]葡萄枝条原位还田可提升腐解率、土壤有机质含量、孔隙度、水分含量、土壤微生物数量、酶活性与矿质元素含量,降低土壤容重,其中,以葡萄枝条原位还田时增施尿素 225 kg/hm2、负载营养微生物菌剂60 kg/hm2、土壤调理剂300 kg/hm2 的效果最佳.
Abstract
[Objective]It was aimed to explore the effects of applying microbial agent with nutrition,soil conditioner and urea during the branches in-situ returning to the field on decomposition rate of branches and soil properties,which provided scientific basis for time-saving and labor-saving fertilization utilization of branches.[Method]Taking non-branches returning to the field as the control(CK),through field experiment,four treatments[T1(non fertilization),T2(225 kg/hm2 urea),T3(225 kg/hm2 urea+60 kg/hm 2 microbial agent with nutrition)and T4(225 kg/hm2 urea+60 kg/hm 2 microbial agent with nutrition+300 kg/hm2 soil conditioner)]were set up to study their effects on decomposition rate of branches and soil properties.[Result]The decomposition rate of branches,soil organic matter,porosity and water content under T4 treatment increased by 12.7%—33.3%,5.52%—33.04%,3.61%—16.41%and 2.40%—19.66%compared with CK,T1,T2 and T3,respectively,while the soil bulk density decreased by 6.19%—16.54%.The bacteria,actinomyces and fungi under T4 treatment increased by 0.09-6.94 times,0.33-7.78 times and 0.31-1.03 times compared with CK,T1,T2 and T3,respectively.The activity of CAT,saccharase,urease and phosphatase under T4 treatment increased by 0.25-5.48 times,0.04-0.65 times,0.31-1.78 times and 0.12-1.60 times compared with CK,T1,T2 and T3,respectively.N,P,K,Ca,Mg,Fe,Zn and B with different treatments showed as T4>T3>T2>T1>CK.[Conclusion]The branches in-situ returning to field can improve the decomposition rate,soil organic matter content,porosity,water content,microbial quantities in soil,enzyme activity and content of mineral elements,reduce the soil bulk density.Applying 225 kg/hm2 urea,60 kg/hm2 microbial agent with nutrition and 300 kg/hm2 soil conditioner during grape branches in-situ returning to the field has the best effect.
基金项目
陕西省创新能力支撑计划项目(2019XY-03)
陕西省重点研发计划项目(2019ZDLNY01-05-02)
陕西省重点研发计划项目(2023-ZDLNY-02)
&&(2023-YBNY-257)
广西重点研发计划项目(桂科ABl9259016)
陕西省林业科学院项目(SXLK2020-0218)
西安市科技计划项目(20193051YF039NS039)
咸阳市重点研发计划项目(S2021ZDYF-GY-0590)
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据