Volatile Metabolites Differences Analysis of Illicium verum Fruits from Different Producing Areas in Yunnan
[Objective]The volatile metabolites differences in Illicium verum fruit from different producing areas in Yunnan were explored to provide the basis for the diversity utilization of natural active components and metabolites in I.verum fruit and the evaluation of its germplasm resources.[Method]The widely-targeted metabolomics analysis on volatile metabolites of I.verum fruit from Wenshan Prefecture(Funing County,Wenshan City,Yanshan County)and Honghe Prefecture(Honghe County)was conducted by fully automated headspace solid-phase microextraction(HS-SPME)and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)techniques.[Result]There were differences in volatile metabolites of I.verum fruit from different producing areas in Yunnan.A total of 750 metabolites were identified,and the top three compounds were terpenoids,esters and heterocyclic compounds,accounting for 31.20%,14.00%and 10.80%,respectively.The differences in volatile metabolites composition of I.verum fruit from different producing areas in Yunnan were observed,among which there were 438 and 349 differential metabolites in I.verum fruit from Wenshan City and Yanshan County,Funing County and Honghe County,respectively.The differential metabolites in Wenshan City and Yanshan County were mainly terpenoids,alcohols,esters and aldehydes,while in Funing County and Honghe County were mainly terpenoids and esters.Notably significant up-regulation of aroma component compounds such as δ-elemene and yalngene were observed in I.verum fruit from Funing County.2 metabolic pathways of sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid biosynthesis and terpenoid backbone biosynthesis were found to be up-regulated in I.verum fruit from Wenshan City.Conversely,7 pathways such as carbon metabolism and butanoate metabolism were down-regulated.Only α-linolenic acid metabolism in I.verum fruit from Funing City was up-regulated,while 13 pathways such as tropane,pyridine and pyridine alkaloid biosynthesis were down-regulated.[Conclusion]There are differences in volatile metabolites of I.verum fruit from different producing areas in Yunnan,in particular,significant differences in Wenshan City and Yanshan County,Funing County and Honghe County are observed.2 metabolic pathways of sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid biosynthesis and terpenoid backbone biosynthesis are found to be up-regulated in I.verum fruit from Wenshan City,while only α-linolenic acid metabolism in I.verum fruit from Funing County is up-regulated.
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