贵州不同产区蜂糖李果实糖酸组分差异及品质评价
Differences in Sugar and Acid Compositions and Quality Evaluation of Fengtang Plum Fruit from Different Producing Areas in Guizhou
王红林 1解璞 2马玉华 3赵凯 2王红 2赵晓珍 2郑乾明1
作者信息
- 1. 贵州省果树科学研究所,贵州 贵阳 550006;贵州省农业科学院 农业农村部喀斯特山区作物基因资源与种质创新重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 550006
- 2. 贵州省果树科学研究所,贵州 贵阳 550006
- 3. 贵州省农业科学院,贵州 贵阳 550006;贵州省农业科学院 农业农村部喀斯特山区作物基因资源与种质创新重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 550006
- 折叠
摘要
[目的]探明贵州不同产区蜂糖李果实的糖酸品质特征,为提高蜂糖李果品质量整体水平和促进产业可持续发展提供参考.[方法]以贵州安顺 4个种植区(AZNL、AZND、AZNJ和AZYH)、黔南州3个种植区(QNLF、QNLM和QNHD)以及贵阳(GXFS)、黔西南州(QXQG)、铜仁市(TYHG)和遵义市(ZSYX)种植的蜂糖李新鲜成熟果实为材料,考察果形指数和硬度等外观品质,检测分析果实糖酸组分及含量、可溶性固形物和可滴定酸含量等主要风味指标,并对果品品质 22个指标进行主成分分析和系统聚类分析.[结果]11份蜂糖李果实糖含量为 102.29～160.71 mg/g,糖组分以蔗糖含量最高,平均 56.21 mg/g,山梨醇含量最低,仅 20.71 mg/g;有机酸含量为 5.29～7.89 mg/g,有机酸组分以苹果酸含量最高,平均达5.31 mg/g,抗坏血酸含量最低,仅 0.04 mg/g.主成分分析共提取 5个主成分,累积贡献率达 92.89%,获得品质评价函数:F=0.361 F1+0.241 F2+0.153 F3+0.107 F4+0.066 F5.聚类分析显示,QXQG和AZNL各为一类,其余9个样品聚为一类,其中,AZNL和QXQG综合得分较高,品质最佳.[结论]贵州 11份不同种植区蜂糖李果实品质依次为 AZNL＞QXQG＞QNLF＞AZNJ＞AZND＞QNLM＞AZYH＞QNHD＞GXFS＞ZSYX＞TYHG.
Abstract
[Objective]The sugar and acid quality characteristics of Fengtang plum fruit in different producing areas of Guizhou were investigated to provide a reference for improving the overall quality level and promoting sustainable development of Fengtang plum.[Method]The 11 fresh mature Fengtang plum fruit samples were collected from 6 cities and prefectures,including 4 planting areas in Anshun(AZNL,AZND,AZNJ and AZYH),3 planting areas in Qiannan(QNLF,QNLM and QNHD),Guiyang(GXFS),Qianxinan(QXQG),Tongren(TYHG)and Zunyi(ZSYX).The appearance quality such as fruit shape index and firmness was observed,and the compositions and contents of sugar and acid,soluble solid content,titratable acid content and other main flavor indexes of fruit were determined and analyzed.Finally,the principal component analysis and cluster analysis of the 22 quality indexes were carried out.[Result]The sugar content of 11 samples ranged from 102.29 mg/g to 160.71 mg/g,among which sucrose content was the highest with an average of 56.21 mg/g,and sorbitol content was the lowest with an average of 20.71 mg/g.Besides,the organic acid content was 5.29-7.89 mg/g,among which malic acid was the highest with an average of 5.31 mg/g,and ascorbic acid content was the lowest with an average of 0.04 mg/g.In addition,5 principal components were extracted through principal component analysis,and the cumulative contribution rate was up to 92.89%.The quality evaluation function was obtained as F=0.361 F1+0.241 F2+0.153 F3+0.107 F4+0.066 F5.Through the cluster analysis,QXQG and AZNL were grouped,and the other nine samples were grouped into the same category.The AZNL and QXQG samples had higher comprehensive scores and the best quality.[Conclusion]The fruit quality of Fengtang plum from 11 producing areas in Guizhou follows as AZNL＞QXQG＞QNLF＞AZNJ＞AZND＞QNLM＞AZYH＞QNHD＞GXFS＞ZSYX＞TYHG.
关键词
蜂糖李/糖组分/酸组分/品质评价/果形指数/果实硬度/可溶性固形物/可滴定酸Key words
Prunus salicina"Fengtang"/sugar compositions/acid compositions/quality evaluation/fruit shape index/fruit hardness/soluble solids/titratable acid引用本文复制引用
基金项目
贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2022]重点018号)
贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合平台人才-CXTD[2023]004)
贵州省高层次创新型人才项目(黔科合平台人才-GCC[2022]025-1)
贵州省农业科学院青年科技基金项目(黔农科院青年科技基金[2021]25号)
贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合服企[2021]8号)
贵州省科技计划(黔科合中引地[2023]033)
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据