Effects of Foliar Potassium Fertilizers on Physicochemical Properties of Typical Acid Tobacco Planting Soil and Quality of Cured Tobacco Leaves
[Objective]The effects of different foliar potassium fertilizers on the quality of cured tobacco leaves and physicochemical properties of tobacco planting soil were investigated,which provided the technical support for increasing potassium and applying foliar potassium fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco.[Method]Yunyan 121 was used as the research object,and four treatments,including water(K0,CK),potassium humate(K1),potassium dihydrogen phosphate(K2)and water-soluble potassium sulfate(K3),were set up in typical acid soil in tobacco growing area to carry out experiments.The agronomic traits of flue-cured tobacco,soil physical-chemical properties,economic properties and chemical composition of cured tobacco leaves under different treatments were investigated and analyzed.[Result]Spraying foliar potassium fertilizer could effectively promote the growth and development of tobacco plants in the middle and late stages,improve the agronomic traits of tobacco plants,and significantly enhance the disease resistance of flue-cured tobacco to common mosaic disease.K3 showed better performance,compared with K0,as the incidence and disease index decreased by 52.54% and 57.12%,respectively.Compared with K0,foliar potassium fertilizer treatment could improve soil physical-chemical properties to a certain extent,and significantly increase the content of soil available nutrients.Spraying foliar potassium fertilizer could increase yield and income of flue-cured tobacco,among which K3 had the most significant effect,and its yield,output value and proportion of medium-superior class tobacco increased by 7.21%,14.42% and 6.23%,respectively,compared with K0.Application of foliar potassium fertilizer could effectively improve the chemical composition of middle and bottom tobacco leaves,and promote a more coordinated chemical composition,among which the effect of increasing potassium and reducing chlorine was the most significant,and the effects of K1 and K3 were better.Compared with K0,the potassium of middle leaves increased by 43.75% and 30.21%,respectively,while the chlorine reduced by 61.54% and 46.15%,respectively.In the bottom leaves,potassium increased by 17.48% and 22.36%,and chlorine decreased by 22.22% and 8.89%,respectively.[Conclusion]Spraying foliar potassium fertilizer can effectively promote the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco,enhance the disease resistance of flue-cured tobacco,improve soil physical-chemical condition to a certain extent,promote the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco and increase the potassium content in middle and bottom leaves and reduce the chlorine content,among which the water-soluble potassium sulfate has the best effect.In conclusion,it is suggested to spray water-soluble potassium sulfate on the basis of conventional fertilization to increase potassium and reduce chlorine in flue-cured tobacco in acid tobacco planting soil.
flue-cured tobaccopotassium fertilizerfoliar fertilizationagronomic traitssoil physicochemical propertieschemical compositioneconomic character
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