Effects of Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilizer Management on Quality of Tobacco Leaves
[Objective]In order to provide the theoretical basis for solving the current situation of low available phosphorus content in tobacco planting soil and improving potassium content and quality of tobacco leaves,the effects of different ratios of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers on the quality of tobacco leaves were explored.[Method]Taking Yunyan 87 as test material,the phosphorus and potassium fertilizer management experiment was carried out by a randomized block design.The phosphorus fertilizer management included low phosphorus(N∶P2O5∶K2O=1∶1∶3),medium phosphorus(N∶P2O5∶K2O=1∶1.5∶3)and high phosphorous(N∶P2O5∶K2O=1∶2∶3).The potassium fertilizer management was whether spaying potassium after topping.There were six treatments.The effects of different phosphorus and potassium management methods on agronomic traits of tobacco in field,physical properties,chemical quality,appearance quality and sensory evaluation of cured tobacco leaves were compared.[Result]The plant height,maximum leaf area,stem girth and internode distance were highest under high phosphorous with potassium fertilizer treatment,respectively 122.4 cm,0.158 0 m2,5.94 cm and 6.66 cm.The comprehensive score of appearance quality in middle leaves under each treatment was higher than that of upper leaves,while the comprehensive score of physical properties was lower than that of upper leaves.As phosphorus fertilizer increased,the sensory quality showed an increasing trend,and the comprehensive quality of tobacco leaves increased to different degrees,and the improvement of middle leaves was better than that of upper leaves.The quality of different parts of tobacco leaves performed best under medium phosphorus with potassium fertilizer treatment,and the comprehensive score of middle and upper leaves was 0.766 and 0.722,respectively.[Conclusion]The comprehensive quality of tobacco leaves increases with the increase of phosphorus application rate.Spraying potassium significantly improves the comprehensive quality of the middle leaves.The treatment of medium phosphorus fertilizer(668.0 kg/667m2)with potassium sulfate(499.5 kg/667m2)can effectively enlarge leaf area and internode distance after topping,coordinate chemical composition of middle leaves,increase total sugar,reducing sugar,potassium content,optimize total nitrogen,nitrogen-nicotine ratio and potassium-chlorine ratio and improve aroma quality and quantity,thereby improving the quality of tobacco leaves.
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