With the incidence of insomnia increasing each year,there is an urgent need to develop active substances that can improve sleep.Caenorhabditis elegans was used to screen substances with the best sleep-improving effect from among four natural active substances(α-lactalbumin,γ-aminobutyric acid,L-theanine,and lily extract),and the mechanisms underlying their sleep-improving effects were examined.Finally,composites with sleep-improving effects were developed using these active substances.The results showed that all four natural active substances could reduce the levels of sleep-related reactive oxygen species in C.elegans,and that α-lactalbumin had the best effect on improving sleep-related oxidative stress.Caenorhabditis elegans subjected to α-lactalbumin administration showed a 65.00%reduction in mitochondrial damage(P＜0.05)and 4.10%increase in maximum lifespan under Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 stress(P＜0.05).Finally,the α-lactalbumin-containing composite with the best sleep-improving effect significantly increased sleep duration by 7.97%(P＜0.05)and sleep frequency by 59.43%(P＜0.05)during developmentally timed sleep,and reduced the movement speed of stress-induced sleep in C.elegans.In conclusion,α-lactalbumin had the strongest effect among the four active substances tested on improving sleep-related oxidative stress in C.elegans,and the mechanism of improving C.elegans sleep was related to mitochondrial repair.Composites containing α-lactalbumin showed sleep-improving effects in C.elegans.
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