摘要
采收期影响果实在贮藏期间的果实质量.为进一步延长四川"清见"杂柑的货架期,研究了 4个采收期(1月29、2月26、3月26和4月25)和(4±0.5)℃下5个冷藏期(30、60、90、120和150 d)对其品质的影响.结果显示,柑橘颜色指数、总可溶性固形物(Total Soluble Solid,TSS)、固酸比、蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖、奎尼酸和苹果酸含量随采收期的延长显著增加(P＜0.05),分别从采收Ⅰ期到Ⅳ期增加了 21.81％、17.99％、33.33％、41.56％、51.22％、54.38％、82.59％、34.74％;而b*值、硬度、可滴定酸(Titratable Acid,TA)、柠檬酸和丁二酸含量随采收期的延长显著下降(P＜0.05),分别下降了 15.57％、39.85％、32.61％、30.95％和33.04％.同时,采收期的延长可使冷藏期果实的TSS、固酸比和蔗糖含量提前30 d达到峰值,TA含量提前30 d降到最低值.果实综合品质主成分分析(Principal Component Analysis,PCA)结果表明,现采果在采收Ⅳ期、冷藏果在采收Ⅰ期放置60 d和150 d时综合品质最佳.综上,采收期和冷藏期对四川"清见"杂柑品质影响显著且存在交互作用,采收Ⅳ期最适鲜销,采收Ⅰ期在单纯实验理想状态下(未进行经济方面考量)最适长期低温贮藏后销售.
Abstract
The harvesting period affects the quality of fruit during storage.To further extend the shelf-life of Sichuan"Kiyomi Tangor"hybrid citrus,the effects of four harvesting periods(29th January,26th February,26th March and 25th April)and five cold storage periods(30,60,90,120 and 150 d)at(4±0.5)℃ on the fruit quality were investigated.The results showed that the citrus colour index,total soluble solid(TSS),solid-to-acid ratio,and sucrose,glucose,fructose,quinic acid and malic acid contents increased significantly(P＜0.05)with the extension of harvesting period(from the harvesting period Ⅰ to Ⅳ by 21.81％,17.99％,33.33％,41.56％,51.22％,54.38％,82.59％and 34.74％,respectively),whereas,the b*value,hardness,titratable acid(TA),citric acid content and succinic acid content decreased significantly(P＜0.05)with the extension of harvesting period(by 15.57％,39.85％,32.61％,30.95％and 33.04％,respectively).Meanwhile,the extension of the harvesting period could make the TSS,solid-acid ratio and sucrose content of the fruit during cold storage reached the peak values 30 days earlier while the TA content decreasing to the lowest value 30 days earlier.The results of principal component analysis(PCA)showed that the comprehensive fruit quality was the best when the fresh fruits were harvested in the harvesting period Ⅳ,and when the fruits were harvested in harvesting period Ⅰ then refrigerated for 60 days and 150 days.Taken together,the harvesting period and cold storage period had significant effects on the quality of Sichuan"Kiyomi Tangor"hybrid citrus,and there were interactions between these two variables.The fruits harvested in Harvesting period Ⅳ was the most suitable for fresh sale,and under the ideal experimental conditions of simple experiment(without economic considerations),the fruits harvested in harvesting period Ⅰ was the most suitable long-term low-temperature storage before selling.
基金项目
四川省"十四五"育种攻关项目(2021YFYZ0023-14)
成都市技术创新研发项目(2021-YF05-02120-SN)
四川省财政自主创新专项(2022ZZCX060)
四川省科技创新苗子工程培育项目(2022111)
万方数据