摘要
为研究运载火箭超薄椭球箱底环缝焊接变形,建立变形控制方法,文中采用数值模拟和试验相结合进行了研究,结果表明:超薄厚度椭球箱底环缝焊接会产生严重的波浪变形,导致焊缝错边超标,焊缝质量降低,该变形主要是由于焊接过程中热应力引起待焊接区域的局部失稳变形导致的,可通过降低焊接端悬空量减少波浪变形.2 mm厚度超薄椭球箱底环缝焊接时产生的波浪变形的波距约为悬空量的3.67倍,通过设计和工艺协同优化焊缝位置的设置,增加装备约束位置的可调性,减少焊接端悬空量,从而有效提高焊接过程稳定性,避免焊缝错边超标,实现高质量焊接.
Abstract
To study the welding deformation of ultra-thin ellipsoid bottom of launch vehicle,and establish a method to control the deformation,mathematical simulation and experiment were used in this paper.Results showed that:serious wave deformation was produced by the girth welding of ultra-thin ellipsoid bottom,which leaded to excessive welding misalignment and bad welding quality.The wave deformation was mainly caused by the thermal stress on the next welding zone.And wave deformation was reduced by reducing cantilevered length.Wave pitch was found to be 3.67 times of the cantilevered length when 2 mm thickness ultra-thin ellipsoid bottom was welded.Cantilevered length could be reduced by the coordination of design and process,and adding welding facility with the function of adjustment of constraint placement,which leaded to good welding stability and quality,the welding misalignment was also advanced.
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