The passage"People's Talk about Human Nature"in Mencius in Chapter 4 takes the exploration paths of human nature as the theme,which plays an extremely important role in Mencius'philosophy.Ding Sixin pointed out that since the Han Dynasty,the academic interpretations of the passage can be roughly divided into two schools:"affirmative"and"negative".The former believes that Mencius affirmed the first three sentences of the passage while the latter is vice versa.This paper tries to examine the passage from the perspectives of Exegesis,argumentative validity,Interpretation of Neo-confucianism and ideological history background,gives a more reasonable explanation of the negative school,and points out the dilemmas of the positive school.Mencius believed that the natural humanity constructed by Yang-zhu,Mozi and others through the empirical path(Guzhe)would inevitably fall into the realistic dilemma of"profit-oriented",and the old transzendental path(Zhizhe)was also accused of being far-fetched.In this regard,Mencius opened up a new path for the transcendentalist theory of human nature,and on this basis constructed a political philosophy that could avoid the dilemma of"profit-oriented",which reflected Mencius'efforts for Confucianism's breakthrough.
关键词
《孟子》/"天下之言性也"/先验人性论/儒学突围
Key words
Mencius/"People's Talk about Human Nature"/a priori human theory/Confucianism's breakthrough
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