Ecological risk assessment and source analysis of heavy metals in surface soil of typical agricultural areas in northern Jianghan Plain
To investigate the heavy metal pollution of surface soil in Jianghan Plain agricultural area of Hubei province,the typical agricultural area along the Hanjiang River in Shayang County was selected as the research object,800 surface soil samples were collected to determine 8 heavy metal according the standard.The potential ecological risk of heavy met-als in soil was analyzed by the index of geo-accumulation and potential ecological risk,the Positive Matrix Factorization Model(PMF)was used to identify the sources of heavy metals.The results showed that heavy metal elements As,Cd,Ni,Zn and Cu were enriched to a certain extent in the surface soil of the study area resolution.The potential ecological risk degree in the study area was low on the whole,and the average of geo-accumulationindexwas Cd＞Zn＞Ni＞As＞Cu＞Cr＞Pb＞Hg.The potential ecological risk degree was Cd＞Hg＞As＞Ni＞Cu＞Pb＞Cr＞Zn.Cd had the greatest impact on the surface soil in the study area.Through the source analysis of PMF model,it was identified that the heavy metals in the study area were mainly industrial sources,transportation sources,agricultural sources and natural sources,the relative contribution rates of industrial sources,transportation sources,agricultural sources and natural sources were 3.71％,30.07％,34.79％and 31.43％,respectively.Hg mainly came from industrial activities,Pb and Zn mainly came from transportation.Agricultural activities have caused high loads of Cd,Zn and Cu in the soil,while As and Cr were mostly from natural sources caused by geological background.
surface soilheavy metalsecological risk assessmentsource analysistypical agricultural area
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